Twenty-year persistence of WT1-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in peritumoral brain tissue by peptide vaccine therapy: transcriptomic evidence for resident memory T-cell induction

Clicks: 1
ID: 320365
2026
Article Quality & Performance Metrics
Overall Quality
Not rated
Combines reader engagement with the AI quality analysis. This article has not been analysed, so there is no overall score — reader engagement is measured and shown alongside.
AI Quality Assessment
Not analyzed
Readership in this journal

Ranked #97 of 104 articles by views in Neuro-Oncology Advances

Most read Least read

Bar heights use a square-root scale.

Mint this article as an NFT
Not yet minted

Create a permanent, verifiable on-chain record of this article on the Scimatic Network. The NFT is held in your Journament account, and you can withdraw it to your own wallet at any time.

5 SUSD one-off · no wallet required
Abstract
Abstract Background Sustained immune surveillance at tumor sites is considered essential for effective cancer immunotherapy; however, direct evidence of immune surveillance in humans is limited due to difficulty obtaining tumor and peritumoral tissues through invasive procedures. Methods Peritumoral brain tissue was obtained during reoration from a patient with diffuse astrocytoma who had received continuous Wilms’ tumor gene 1 (WT1) peptide vaccination for 20 years. WT1 tetramer-positive CD8+ T cells were analyzed by flow cytometry, followed by T-cell receptor repertoire analysis and single-cell RNA sequencing. Results A high level of T-cell infiltration was observed in peritumoral brain tissue, despite the immune-privileged nature of central nervous system. Notably, 38.4% of CD8+ T cells were WT1-tetramer positive, exhibiting an oligoclonal pattern similar to that observed in peripheral blood. Single-cell RNA sequencing demonstrated that WT1-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) were predominantly composed of resident memory T cells (Trm) and terminally differentiated effector memory T cells (TEMRA), along with a small fraction of cycling T cells. Interestingly, Trm-like subsets were also detected among WT1-specific CTLs in peripheral blood. Conclusion These findings provide in situ evidence of long-term persistence of WT1-specific CTLs in the human brain by continuous WT1 peptide vaccination. Such local immune surveillance may have contributed to the prevention of relapse in this patient. Single cell RNA sequencing suggests that long-lived Trm may contribute to the persistence of immune surveillance through self-renewal and generation of cytotoxic TEMRA. This study offers insights into long-term anti-tumor immunity and may inform future optimization of cancer vaccine therapy.
Reference Key
openalex_W7167835314 Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors Jun Nakata, Natsuki Nakamura, Daisuke Motooka, Chisato Yokota, Yoshiaki Hayashi, Ryuichi Hirayama, Fumihiro Fujiki, Soyoko Morimoto, Toru Umehara, Hiroko Nakajima, Yusuke Oji, Akihiro Tsuboi, Yukio Oka, Atsushi Kumanogoh, Noriyuki Kijima, Haruhiko Kishima, Haruo Sugiyama
Journal Neuro-Oncology Advances
Year 2026
DOI
10.1093/noajnl/vdag176
URL
Keywords Keywords not found

Citations

No citations found. To add a citation, contact the admin at info@scimatic.org

No comments yet. Be the first to comment on this article.