Tobacco Cessation Treatment in Pregnancy: Insights from Florida Medicaid Claims Data

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2026
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Ranked #125 of 132 articles by views in nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the society for research on nicotine and tobacco

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Abstract
Abstract Introduction Tobacco use increases risk for serious pregnancy complications, increasing infant and maternal morbidity and mortality. Cessation treatments are safe during pregnancy, increase the likelihood of successfully quitting, and decrease risk of negative neonatal health outcomes. All Florida Medicaid plans cover evidence-based cessation treatments. This study analyzed Medicaid claims to better understand cessation treatment utilization for pregnant people enrolled in Florida Medicaid. Methods We analyzed Florida Medicaid claims from 2018-2021 to assess utilization of tobacco cessation services among Medicaid beneficiaries with a delivery during the study period. We identified tobacco use status and perinatal episodes using diagnostic and procedural codes; we identified treatment utilization (counseling, pharmacotherapy) using procedural and prescription drug claims. Results We identified 46 512 deliveries for people who use tobacco during the study period, making up 17.5% of all deliveries; among them, 6.3% received Medicaid covered tobacco cessation treatment during pregnancy and 2.4% postpartum. Among those treated, counseling was the most prevalent treatment during pregnancy (61.2%) and pharmacotherapy (NRT and cessation medication) was the most prevalent treatment (75.8%) postpartum. Conclusion Best practices indicate that clinicians should ask pregnant patients about tobacco use at every visit, document their status, and offer brief counseling and cessation treatment. Despite cessation treatment coverage by Medicaid, our analysis indicates that few clinicians and beneficiaries are using Medicaid coverage for cessation treatment during the perinatal period. These findings suggest an opportunity to increase utilization of covered cessation services for individuals who use tobacco who are pregnant/postpartum, reducing risk factors for morbidity and mortality.
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Authors Lindsay T. Olson, Leah Sussman, Margaret Moakley, Diana Poehler, Ben Allaire, Kay Roussos-Ross, Jaclyn Hall
Journal nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the society for research on nicotine and tobacco
Year 2026
DOI
10.1093/ntr/ntag140
URL
https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntag140
Keywords Keywords not found

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