Electrogenic CH₄ oxidation on a bioanode: putative extracellular electron transport system in Methylobacter sp.

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ID: 318369
2026
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Abstract
Abstract Aerobic methanotrophs are frequently detected in oxygen-limited, stratified coastal environments. Known adaptations, including high-affinity terminal oxidases and oxygen-binding bacteriohemerythrins, help explain methane oxidation at extremely low oxygen concentrations, yet their activity and ecological role under fully anoxic conditions remain uncertain. Here, we show that an anoxic, poised-anode bioelectrochemical system inoculated with a methane-oxidizing sediment enrichment produced methane-dependent current, with rapid current loss upon methane removal and recovery after re-addition. Metagenomic analysis revealed the selective enrichment of a Methylobacter population encoding a porin-cytochrome complex and numerous multiheme c-type cytochromes, suggesting extracellular electron transfer potential. A complementary phylogenomic survey across Methylococcales identified homologs of this gene cluster in multiple lineages, but with a scattered phylogenetic distribution indicative of modular acquisition. Comparative synteny further revealed conserved gene order across genomes, supporting horizontal transfer of the locus as a functional unit. Together, these results demonstrate that aerobic methanotrophs may employ extracellular electron transfer strategies to dissipate methane-derived electrons when oxygen-dependent respiration is constrained.
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Authors Peter A G ter Horst, Ian P G Marshall, Reinier A. Egas, Robin Klomp, Merijn A W Schutgens, Theo van Alen, Mike S. M. Jetten, Caroline P. Slomp, Cornelia U. Welte
Journal fems microbiology ecology
Year 2026
DOI
10.1093/femsec/fiag067
URL
https://doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fiag067
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