Mentorship as a Mechanism for Equity, Retention & Scientific Innovation in Neuroscience-Related Careers

Abstract Despite rapid advances in neuroscience, Black scientists remain persistently underrepresented across training and career stages, reflecting structural inequities in mentorship, funding, and access to professional networks. These disparities limit not only individual career trajectories but also the formation of a strong scientific identity, thereby constraining the field’s capacity for innovation and global impact. In this perspective, we examine equitable mentorship as a critical tool for improving representation, retention, and scientific productivity in neuroscience. We define equitable mentorship as intentional, culturally responsive, and structurally supported guidance that extends beyond technical training to include career navigation, identity-affirming support, and access to networks. Drawing on evidence from the literature and personal experiences with mentorship models such as the Black in Neuro Mentorship Program, we highlight the value of collective, affinity-based, and cross-institutional approaches that distribute mentorship labor, foster belonging, and reduce the disproportionate burden placed on Black faculty and trainees. We argue that mentorship should be recognized as essential infrastructure for the neuroscience enterprise and call for institutional investment in structured, compensated mentorship programs to support Black neuroscientists and build a more equitable and innovative global workforce.