Nutrient-responsive and DAF-16/FoxO target H1 histone HIL-1 promotes resistance to starvation and bacterial pathogens in Caenorhabditis elegans
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ID: 317336
2026
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Abstract
Insulin/IGF-1 signaling (IIS) mediates metabolic and developmental acclimation to stressful conditions including starvation. The transcription factor DAF-16/FoxO actuates many of the physiological effects of reduced IIS, yet the specific contributions of DAF-16 target genes to stress resistance remain poorly understood. We explore the function of C. elegans H1 linker histone HIL-1/H1.0, a DAF-16 target that is upregulated during starvation. The HIL-1 sequence is divergent from the other eight annotated C. elegans H1 variants, and the others are not so highly responsive to nutrient availability and DAF-16 activity, suggesting distinct function. Using knock-in reporters, we find that HIL-1 is broadly expressed in nuclei of L1 and dauer larvae during starvation, but that expression is largely undetectable in fed larvae. Disrupting hil-1 activity through mutation or auxin-inducible degradation led to reduced growth after extended L1 starvation, revealing reduced starvation resistance. RNA-seq of hil-1 mutants suggested that HIL-1 activates genes involved in the innate immune response, and hil-1 mutants display compromised survival upon exposure to Pseudomonas aeruginosa under reduced IIS. Together these results suggest that DAF-16/FoxO activates transcription of hil-1 during starvation to promote resistance to starvation and pathogens. We demonstrate conditional regulation of an H1 histone, and we reveal a novel mechanism for how IIS promotes stress resistance by identifying a histone variant that connects nutrient sensing to immunity.
| Reference Key |
openalex_W7164751735
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|---|---|
| Authors | Kinsey Fisher, Rojin Chitrakar, L. Ryan Baugh |
| Journal | current genetics |
| Year | 2026 |
| DOI |
10.1093/genetics/iyag148
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| URL | |
| Keywords | Keywords not found |
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