Longitudinal associations of the gut microbiome with arterial stiffness in US adults: findings from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging

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ID: 316068
2026
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Abstract
The gut microbiome affects arterial stiffness in experimental murine models; however, evidence in human longitudinal studies is lacking. In this study, we investigated longitudinal between-person (average) and within-person (change) associations of microbiome features with arterial stiffness. We assessed the fecal microbiome using whole genome metagenomic sequencing, and arterial stiffness using carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV). Our analytic sample consisted of 349 adults from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging, who contributed 915 visits between 2013-2019. Using linear mixed models, we found higher microbiome evenness and butyrate-producing bacteria were associated with lower cfPWV on average (between-person), but changes in diversity were not associated with changes in cfPWV (within-person). Several potentially pathogenic bacteria were positively associated with cfPWV, both between- and within-person. Butyrate-production pathways were inversely associated with cfPWV between-person and borderline within-person. Trimethylamine-production genes were positively associated with cfPWV between-person and borderline within-person. In addition, changes in other functional pathways including peptidoglycan biosynthesis and L-arginine biosynthesis were associated with changes in cfPWV. In conclusion, cfPWV was associated with both between-person and within-person differences in gut microbiome features, with strength and consistency depending on the feature. These results can inform which microbiome features to target in interventions to improve arterial stiffness.
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openalex_W7163580702 Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors Curtis Tilves, Shaoming Xiao, Toshiko Tanaka, Moira K. Differding, Adam P. Spira, Luigi Ferrucci, Noel T Mueller
Journal american journal of epidemiology
Year 2026
DOI
10.1093/aje/kwag119
URL
https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwag119
Keywords Keywords not found

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