Molecular Epidemiology to Decipher the Transmission Networks of MPOX in an Outbreak Scenario: Applications in Thailand during the 2023 Global Health Emergency

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ID: 316000
2026
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Abstract
Abstract Background The 2022 global health emergency highlighted the necessity for rapid diagnostic measures in response to Mpox clade IIb outbreaks. This study investigates the Mpox lineages identified in Thailand during this period and explores the transmission dynamics of dominant lineages. Methods Using targeted next-generation sequencing from 162 Mpox-infected individuals, we created a transmission network map by linking high-similarity sequences through molecular-temporal distance matrices. Results Our findings reveal that the study population aligns with global trends of transmission almost exclusively within the MSM community, and a majority of cases resulting from lineage C viruses as well as eight additional sub-lineages. Within the observed substitutions, a majority of mutations were either G→A (289, 49.74%) or C→T (221, 38.04%) indicating APOBEC-3-driven deaminase activity. We also present a global transmission network for lineage C Mpox genomes, illustrating both domestic and international spread. Conclusion This research underscores the significance of whole-genome sequencing in diagnostics during outbreaks and the importance of sharing genomic data to enhance our understanding of disease transmission on a global scale.
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Authors Spencer L. Sterling, Kwankamon Rattanathumi, Thitipong Yingyong, Ananporn Supataragul, Nattakarn Thippamom, Tannawut Srisuk, Patchara Panyaratanaamporn, Chessadaporn Ngambunchuy, Panukon Rakklin, Thaniya Suwanmalai, Sira Sriswasdi, Supaporn Wacharapluesadee, Opass Putcharoen
Journal The Journal of infectious diseases
Year 2026
DOI
10.1093/infdis/jiag288
URL
https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag288
Keywords Keywords not found

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