Fatty Acid-Binding Protein 4 and Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events: A Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies

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ID: 314059
2026
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Abstract
AIMS: To quantify the association between circulating fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) levels and the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and secondary cardiovascular outcomes in prospective cohort studies. METHODS AND RESULTS: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library from inception to 1 December 2025 for prospective cohort studies evaluating baseline FABP4 levels in relation to subsequent cardiovascular outcomes. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled using random-effects models, and dose-response analyses were performed. Thirty-five prospective cohort studies were included (PROSPERO: CRD420261291090). In the pooled analysis, participants in the highest FABP4 category, as defined within each study, had a 61.6% higher risk of MACE than those in the lowest category (HR = 1.616, 95% CI: 1.402-1.863; I2 = 35.0%). This association remained significant when FABP4 was analysed as a continuous variable (HR = 1.393, 95% CI: 1.181-1.643; I2 = 79.9%). Higher FABP4 levels were also associated with higher risks of secondary cardiovascular outcomes, including cardiovascular death, heart failure, and myocardial infarction. In linear dose-response analyses, each 10 ng/mL higher baseline FABP4 level was associated with a 16.6% higher risk of MACE and a 13.1% higher risk of cardiovascular death, with no evidence of non-linearity. Sensitivity analyses yielded similar results, and no substantial publication bias was detected for the primary MACE analysis. CONCLUSION: Higher FABP4 levels were associated with higher risks of MACE and cardiovascular death, supporting its potential relevance as a prognostic marker warranting further evaluation.
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Authors Yanjie Jiang, Shipeng Zhang, Man Lu, Hanyu Wang, Xingyi He, Zhihui Jin, Rui Fu, Xuran Cao, Qinwei Fu, Wenshan Li, Xiaoyu Zhu, Qinxiu Zhang, Xin Sun, Yan Lu
Journal european journal of preventive cardiology
Year 2026
DOI
10.1093/eurjpc/zwag276
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