Short‑Term Surges, Long‑Term Futures: Host Perceptions of Revenge Tourism and Social Sustainability

This study examines how revenge tourism intensity influences two key social outcomes: host well‑being and perceived social sustainability. Drawing on social exchange theory and appraisal-based perspectives, the research tests a model in which perceived utility mediates the effect of tourism intensity on both outcomes, and friction reduction moderates the link between tourism intensity and host well‑being. Using survey data from residents of Irish destinations experiencing strong post‑pandemic rebounds, the analysis shows that perceived utility is a significant channel through which tourism intensity fosters positive social evaluations, while friction‑reducing measures amplify the well‑being benefits of surges. The findings contribute to theory by clarifying the conditions under which short‑term demand spikes translate into durable social value. For policy and practice, the results highlight two actionable levers for destination managers. First is ensuring that benefits are visible and proximate to residents and second is minimizing everyday frictions during peak periods. By managing these terms, revenge tourism can serve not only as an economic catalyst but also as a driver of community well‑being and social sustainability