Changes in Proinflammatory Cytokine Activity after Menopause

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ID: 302257
2002
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Abstract
Abstract There is now a large body of evidence suggesting that the decline in ovarian function with menopause is associated with spontaneous increases in proinflammatory cytokines. The cytokines that have obtained the most attention are IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α. The exact mechanisms by which estrogen interferes with cytokine activity are still incompletely known but may potentially include interactions of the ER with other transcription factors, modulation of nitric oxide activity, antioxidative effects, plasma membrane actions, and changes in immune cell function. Experimental and clinical studies strongly support a link between the increased state of proinflammatory cytokine activity and postmenopausal bone loss. Preliminary evidence suggests that these changes also might be relevant to vascular homeostasis and the development of atherosclerosis. Better knowledge of the mechanisms and the time course of these interactions may open new avenues for the prevention and treatment of some of the most prevalent and important disorders in postmenopausal women.
Reference Key
openalex_W2060551064 Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors Johannes Pfeilschifter, Roland Köditz, Martin Pfohl, Helmut Schatz
Journal endocrine reviews
Year 2002
DOI
10.1210/edrv.23.1.0456
URL
https://doi.org/10.1210/edrv.23.1.0456
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