Exosomes and microvesicles: extracellular vesicles for genetic information transfer and gene therapy

Clicks: 6
ID: 301349
2012
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Abstract
Exosomes and microvesicles are extracellular nanovesicles released by most but not all cells. They are specifically equipped to mediate intercellular communication via the transfer of genetic information, including the transfer of both coding and non-coding RNAs, to recipient cells. As a result, both exosomes and microvesicles play a fundamental biological role in the regulation of normal physiological as well as aberrant pathological processes, via altered gene regulatory networks and/or via epigenetic programming. For example, microvesicle-mediated genetic transfer can regulate the maintenance of stem cell plasticity and induce beneficial cell phenotype modulation. Alternatively, such vesicles play a role in tumor pathogenesis and the spread of neurodegenerative diseases via the transfer of specific microRNAs and pathogenic proteins. Given this natural property for genetic information transfer, the possibility of exploiting these vesicles for therapeutic purposes is now being investigated. Stem cell-derived microvesicles appear to be naturally equipped to mediate tissue regeneration under certain conditions, while recent evidence suggests that exosomes might be harnessed for the targeted delivery of human genetic therapies via the introduction of exogenous genetic cargoes such as siRNA. Thus, extracellular vesicles are emerging as potent genetic information transfer agents underpinning a range of biological processes and with therapeutic potential.
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openalex_W2121882633 Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors Youngseok Lee, Samir EL Andaloussi, Matthew J. A. Wood
Journal Human molecular genetics
Year 2012
DOI
10.1093/hmg/dds317
URL
https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/dds317
Keywords Keywords not found

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