Annual to interannual variations of <I>f</I>CO<SUB>2</SUB> in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea: Results from hourly measurements made by CARIOCA buoys, 1995-1997

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ID: 296706
2001
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Abstract
A time series of fCO 2 , SST, and fluorescence data was collected between 1995 and 1997 by a CARIOCA buoy moored at the DyFAMed station (Dynamique des Flux Atmospheriques en Mediterranee) located in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea. On seasonal timescales, the spring phytoplankton bloom decreases the surface water fCO 2 to approximately 290 patm, followed by summer heating and a strong increase in fCO 2 to a maximum of approximately 510 μatm. While the ΔfCO 2 shows strong variations on seasonal timescales, the annual average air-sea disequilibrium is only 2 μatm. Temperature-normalized fCO 2 shows a continued decrease in dissolved CO 2 throughout the summer and fall at a rate of approximately 0.6 μatm d -1 , The calculated annual air-sea CO 2 transfer rate is -0. 10 to -0.15 moles CO 2 m -2 y -1 , with these low values reflecting the relatively weak wind speed regime and small annual air-sea fCO 2 disequilibrium. Extrapolating this rate over the whole Mediterranean Sea would lead to a flux of approximately -3 X 10 12 to -4.5 X 10 12 grams C y -1 , in good agreement with other estimates. An analysis of the effects of sampling frequency on annual air-sea CO 2 flux estimates showed that monthly sampling is adequate to resolve the annual CO 2 flux to within approximately ± 10 - 18% at this site. Annual flux estimates made using temperature-derived fCO 2 based on the measured fCO 2 -SST correlations are in agreement with measurement-based calculations to within ± 7-10% (depending on the gas transfer parameterization used), and suggest that annual CO 2 flux estimates may be reasonably well predicted in this region from satellite or model-derived SST and wind speed information.
Reference Key
openalex_W1994528376 Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors E. M. Hood, Liliane Merlivat
Journal journal of marine research
Year 2001
DOI
10.1357/002224001321237399
URL
https://doi.org/10.1357/002224001321237399
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