Covariate Balancing Propensity Score

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ID: 296197
2013
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Ranked #37 of 145 articles by views in Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B (Statistical Methodology)

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Abstract
Summary The propensity score plays a central role in a variety of causal inference settings. In particular, matching and weighting methods based on the estimated propensity score have become increasingly common in the analysis of observational data. Despite their popularity and theoretical appeal, the main practical difficulty of these methods is that the propensity score must be estimated. Researchers have found that slight misspecification of the propensity score model can result in substantial bias of estimated treatment effects. We introduce covariate balancing propensity score (CBPS) methodology, which models treatment assignment while optimizing the covariate balance. The CBPS exploits the dual characteristics of the propensity score as a covariate balancing score and the conditional probability of treatment assignment. The estimation of the CBPS is done within the generalized method-of-moments or empirical likelihood framework. We find that the CBPS dramatically improves the poor empirical performance of propensity score matching and weighting methods reported in the literature. We also show that the CBPS can be extended to other important settings, including the estimation of the generalized propensity score for non-binary treatments and the generalization of experimental estimates to a target population. Open source software is available for implementing the methods proposed.
Reference Key
openalex_W2132324013 Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors Kosuke Imai, Marc Ratkovic
Journal Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B (Statistical Methodology)
Year 2013
DOI
10.1111/rssb.12027
URL
https://doi.org/10.1111/rssb.12027
Keywords Keywords not found

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