Development and Ecological-Energy Comparative Analysis оf Vapor Compression and Solar Absorption Schemes of Air Conditioning Systems

The mission of the research included the following objectives: the development of new circuit decisions for the alternate refrigerating systems based on the use of an open absorptive circuit and on the use of solar energy for absorbent solution regeneration; an assessment of the energy and envi-ronmental characteristics of the developed systems; obtaining of the experimental data for an assess-ment of the principal capabilities of the proposed new solar air-conditioning systems. New principles for design of heat and mass transfer equipment in the version with a movable packing of heat exchange elements (fluidized bed packing "gas - liquid - solid body") placed in the packed bed were developed, which allows self-cleaning of the working surfaces and walls of the heat and mass transfer equipment HMT. This new solution, when working with outdoor air and solutions of absorbents, seems to be a fundamentally important condition for maintaining the working capacity of solar absorption systems. The new schemes of absorber with internal steam cooling allowing the improve-ment of the new scheme of the alternate refrigerating system were developed. Comparative analysis based on the methodology of the "Life Cycle Assessment" (LCA) showed that new, developed solar systems provide the considerable decrease in energy consumption, their use leads to the decrease of exhaustion of natural resources, influences less global climate change.