Major Transitions in Sociocultural Evolution

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Abstract
Recent years have seen growing interest in applying the Evolutionary Transitions in Individuality (ETI) framework to human sociocultural evolution. Proponents argue that human societies exhibit features—such as multilevel organisation, cooperation, and division of labour—sufficiently analogous to biological ETIs to warrant theoretical extension. This paper critically assesses such claims and argues that they rest on a fundamental misapplication of the ETI framework. Drawing on recent work in cultural evolution, I show that sociocultural systems typically lack the core conditions required for an ETI, including autonomous reproduction at the group level and the operation of natural selection in the reproductive mode. Attempts to relax these criteria risk undermining the coherence of the framework itself. I conclude that while the broader MET framework may still have value for understanding sociocultural change, the specific explanatory structure of ETI theory does not transfer.
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persistent_1761421526_68fd28d65e80c Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors Arsham Nejad Kourki
Journal ADVANCES IN ARCHAEOLOGICAL PRACTICE
Year Year not found
DOI
10.1017/ehs.2025.10021
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