Leveling the playing field: Proposed strategies for the proper invocation of the most-favoured-nation clause and the effective selection of the most favourable treatment in the Philippines for investment protection

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ID: 286456
2018
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Abstract
In the competitive world of trade and business, the Most-Favoured-Nation (“MFN”) clause is a shield against the perceived hazards of investing in a foreign country. Through the MFN clause, an investor may be assured that a developing economy such as the Philippines will “level the playing field” by according sufficient protection for foreign investments without discrimination. The invocation of the MFN clause, however, is cast with uncertainties brought by variances in interpretation, questions on applicability, and doubts of success. This Study analyzes all currently available Philippine BITs in order to present how a top performing investor in the Philippines may invoke an MFN clause (Part I of Chapter IV). Guided by established rules and case laws in international investment law, it proposes third-party BITs with the most favourable standards of protection as regards fair and equitable treatment, umbrella clause, expropriation, and dispute settlement mechanisms (Part II of Chapter IV). It identifies limitations for an investor in the form of defenses that may be raised by the Philippines against the MFN claim (Part III of Chapter IV). In the process of analysis, this Study reveals trends and inconsistencies in international investment law. It concludes with a simple strategic process that is not only beneficial for the investor but also insightful for Tribunals and States.
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Authors Hablado, Lalaine Jertrude Leyco
Journal Malay Journal
Year 2018
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