Conjuncts in Philippine English: A grammatical study
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ID: 286073
2021
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Abstract
The grammar of conjuncts as adverbials in Philippine English is an attempt to describe its semantics and syntax. This descriptive grammar is based on a comprehensive work of Biber, Johansson, Leech, Conrad and Finegan (1999) titled: Longman Grammar of Spoken and Written English (LSWE). This innovative corpus-based grammar is the viewpoint of this description. Also, this grammatical study also finds Quirk et. al’s (1985) A Comprehensive of Grammar of the English Language, a useful reference for this attempt to contribute to the ever-dynamic and rich variety of the English language – Philippine English. Conjuncts belong to the category of adverbials. According to Quirk et al. (1985) adverbials are one of the elements of the clause structure, the others being subject, verb, object and complement. There have been several attempts to examine adverbials by distinguishing them from other elements. Dita (2011), who has launched varied perspectives on the study of grammar in Philippine English, examined adverbial disjuncts. Morales (2016) in her dissertation attempted to provide a comprehensive description of adjuncts which dovetailed with Borlongan’s (2011) grammar of verbs in PhilE. Now, this study will zoom in on another adverbial focusing on its semantic aspects and other related grammatical aspects. Biber et. al.’s, (1999) termed this adverbial as linking adverbials and Quirk et. al (1985) as conjuncts. This attempt is based on the conjunct’s role as clause element. The new software AntConc, developed by Laurence Anthony (2017) was used to extract data; however, manual verification and careful checking were done because the software is not able to specifically identify its uses. In Quirk et. al., conjuncts “express the speaker’s assessment of the relation between two linguistic units” (1985: 440). Conjuncts are broken down into seven semantic classifications: listing, summative, appositional, resultive, inferential, contrastive, and transitional. Biber et. al, (1999) called it the semantic categories of linking adverbials and these are not entirely different from Q&E: enumerative/additive, summation, result/inference, contrast/concession, apposition and transition. This study anchored its discussion on Biber’s categories. Conjuncts, in this particular grammatical study, are limited to and, but and so because they have the highest number of frequency rate in terms of occurrences in Philippine English variety. Although this description focuses only on three most used conjuncts, the researcher attempted to discuss extensively and overarchingly its uses and functions (semantically) and revealed innovations and patterns of linguistic behavior in various text types of ICE-PHI (syntactically). Thus, the researcher’s main
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| Authors | Herrera, John Paulo Q. |
| Journal | Malay Journal |
| Year | 2021 |
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