Optimization of photocatalytic decolorization of lignin in water matrix using immobilized Nano-Ti02 catalyst by response surface methodology
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ID: 284966
2011
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Abstract
Lignin is contained in pulp mill effluent and is responsible for the color of the wastewater. In this study, photocatalysis using immobilized nano-titania catalyst has been proven to be an effective process for the decolorization of lignin in water. The use of photocatalysis for the removal of lignin in wastewater can help the recycling paper mills in the Philippines comply with the DENR effluent standard for color. In order to increase the efficiency of the photocatalytic process and bring about the successful decolorization of lignin in water, there is a need to ascertain the optimum conditions of effective process parameters by means of employing a reliable optimization technique. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) is a well known efficient optimization technique that was applied in this study. This study employed the immobilized nano-TiO2 film on microscopy glass plates which was synthesized via sol-gel method. Immobilization is gaining importance in wastewater treatment area since in the large-scale application, the suspended photocatalyst powder needs to be separated from the treated wastewater before discharge which could be a time-consuming and expensive process. In this research, the use of sol-gel technique led to a production of reproducible nano-titania film with capability of adherence on glass substrates. The films were deposited on microscopy glass plates using 1, 2 and 3 coating cycles. The photocatalysts were subjected to surface characterization for elemental composition, morphology, crystal structure and size, surface area measurement, and purity. The activities of nano-titania films were investigated by photocatalytic decolorization of lignin in water matrix. Optimization of process parameters by Box- Behnken design of experiment was conducted afterwards. The optimum process parameters were applied to actual lignin-containing wastewater from the partner recycling paper mill. Afterwards, post characterization of the catalyst that was utilized in actual wastewater was done. SEM images of the surface of nano-titania films showed the good coating on the plate after repeating the deposition two times. EDX analysis confirmed that the immobilized catalysts were almost free from contaminants. Pure anatase structure of the immobilized TiO2 nanoparticles was revealed by XRD analysis. The crystallite sizes were approximated using the high-resolution TEM images of the samples and were measured to be 11.29, 14.33 and 18.54 nm for 1, 2 and 3 coatings of deposited nano-titania catalysts respectively. The findings obtained from TEM characterization were in good agreement with the results obtained from XRD wherein the crystallite sizes were computed based on Scherrer’s equation. The
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| Authors | Belmonte, Beatriz Avellana |
| Journal | Malay Journal |
| Year | 2011 |
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