Mathematical Modeling of Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infection: Human-Animal Dynamics with Environmental Reservoirs
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ID: 283589
2025
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Abstract
Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections, one of the most prevalent
neglected tropical diseases, pose a significant threat to public health in
tropical and subtropical areas. These parasites infect humans and animals
through direct contact with contaminated soil or accidental ingestion. This
study examines the dynamics of STH transmission using a deterministic
compartmental model and nonlinear ordinary differential equations. Our model
incorporates the roles humans, animals, and the environment play as reservoirs
for spreading STH. We derived the basic reproduction number and demonstrate
that the disease-free and endemic equilibrium points are asymptotically stable
under specific thresholds. We also performed a sensitivity analysis to
determine how each parameter affects the model's output. The sensitivity
analysis identifies key parameters influencing infection rates, such as
ingestion rate, disease progression rate, and shedding rate, all of which
increase infection. Conversely, higher clearance and recovery rates decrease
infection. The study also highlights the potential for cross-species
transmission of STH infections between humans and animals, underscoring the One
Health concept, which acknowledges the interdependence of human, animal, and
environmental health.
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| Authors | Rafiatu Imoro; Maica Krizna Gavina; Vachel Gay Paller; Jomar Rabajante; Mark Jayson Cortez; Editha Jose |
| Journal | arXiv |
| Year | 2025 |
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