Cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity of isolated compounds from Monsonia angustifolia and Dodonaea angustifolia.

Citotoxicidade e atividade antimicrobiana de compostos isolados de Monsonia angustifolia e Dodonaea angustifolia.

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ID: 281715
2023
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Abstract
Monsonia angustifolia is traditionally used to treat anthrax, heartburn, diarrhea, eye infections and hemorrhoids. Dodonaea angustifolia is frequently used as a treatment for dental pain, microbial infections and jungle fever. The two plant species were selected due to the presence of secondary metabolites such as coumarins, flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins and polyphenolics from the crude extracts, which exhibit pharmacological significance. The pure isolated compounds from the crude extracts are known for their diverse structures and interesting pharmacophores. To isolate and identify antibacterial and antifungal chemical constituents from Monsonia angustifolia and Dodonaea angustifolia plant extracts and evaluate the cytotoxicity of pure compounds from the crude extracts. Extractives from M. angustifolia and D. angustifolia plants were isolated using chromatographic techniques and structures were elucidated based on NMR, IR and MS spectroscopic techniques. A microplate serial dilution method was used to evaluate the antibacterial activity of extracts and pure compounds against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and antifungal activity against Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans. The cytotoxicity was determined using the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and methanol crude extracts from the plants exhibited significant inhibition of microbial growth. The phytochemical investigation of these active crude extracts led to the isolation of five pure active compounds, 5-methoxyjusticidin A (1), cis-phytyl diterpenoidal fatty acid ester (2), stigmasterol (3), β-sitosterol (4) and 5-hydroxy-7,4'-dimethoxyflavone (5). Stigmasterol (3) showed good antifungal activity against Cryptococcus neoformans with a minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) of 25 μg/mL and Candida albicans (MIC = 50 μg/mL). Compounds (1-5) isolated from Monsonia angustifolia and Dodonaea angustifolia showed antibacterial and antifungal activities and were non-toxic against Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells and VERO monkey kidney (VERO) cells.
*Monsonia angustifolia* é tradicionalmente utilizada no tratamento de antraz, azia, diarreia, infecções oculares e hemorroidas. *Dodonaea angustifolia* é frequentemente utilizada no tratamento de dores dentárias, infecções microbianas e febre da selva. As duas espécies vegetais foram selecionadas devido à presença de metabólitos secundários de relevância farmacológica nos extratos brutos, tais como cumarinas, flavonoides, terpenoides, saponinas e polifenóis. Os compostos puros isolados dos extratos brutos são conhecidos por suas estruturas diversificadas e farmacóforos de interesse. O objetivo foi isolar e identificar constituintes químicos antibacterianos e antifúngicos a partir de extratos vegetais de *Monsonia angustifolia* e *Dodonaea angustifolia*, bem como avaliar a citotoxicidade dos compostos puros obtidos dos extratos brutos. Os constituintes das plantas *M. angustifolia* e *D. angustifolia* foram isolados por meio de técnicas cromatográficas, e suas estruturas foram elucidadas com base em métodos espectroscópicos de RMN, IV e EM. O método de diluição seriada em microplacas foi utilizado para avaliar a atividade antibacteriana dos extratos e dos compostos puros contra *Escherichia coli*, *Staphylococcus aureus* e *Pseudomonas aeruginosa*, além da atividade antifúngica contra *Candida albicans* e *Cryptococcus neoformans*. A citotoxicidade foi determinada por meio do ensaio de brometo de 3-(4,5-dimetiltiazol)-2,5-difeniltetrazólio (MTT). Os extratos brutos em diclorometano, acetato de etila e metanol das plantas exibiram inibição significativa do crescimento microbiano. A investigação fitoquímica desses extratos brutos ativos levou ao isolamento de cinco compostos puros ativos: 5-metoxijusticidina A (1), éster de ácido graxo diterpenoide cis-fitil (2), estigmasterol (3), β-sitosterol (4) e 5-hidróxi-7,4'-dimetoxiflavona (5). O estigmasterol (3) apresentou boa atividade antifúngica contra *Cryptococcus neoformans*, com concentração inibitória mínima (CIM) de 25 µg/mL, e contra *Candida albicans* (CIM = 50 µg/mL). Os compostos (1–5) isolados de *Monsonia angustifolia* e *Dodonaea angustifolia* apresentaram atividades antibacteriana e antifúngica e mostraram-se atóxicos frente a linhagens celulares de rim canino Madin-Darby (MDCK) e de rim de macaco VERO (VERO).
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Authors Mcotshana, Zenande K S; McGaw, Lyndy J; Kemboi, Douglas; Fouche, Gerda; Famuyide, Ibukun M; Krause, Rui W M; Siwe-Noundou, Xavier; Tembu, Vuyelwa Jacqueline
Journal Journal of ethnopharmacology
Year 2023
DOI
10.1016/j.jep.2022.115170
URL
Keywords
Antifungal Activity antibacterial activity chemical constituents dodonaea angustifolia monsonia angustifolia

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