Analysis of unclad and sub-clad semi-elliptical flaws in pressure vessel steels

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ID: 274146
1996
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Abstract
This study was conducted to support warm prestressing experiments on unclad and sub-clad flawed beams loaded in pure bending. Two cladding yield strengths were investigated: 0.6 Sy and 0.8 Sy, where Sy is the yield strength of the base metal. Cladding and base metal were assumed to be stress free at the stress relief temperature for the 3D elastic-plastic finite element analysis used to model the experiments. The model results indicated that when cooled from the stress relief temperature, the cladding was put in tension due to its greater coefficient of thermal expansion. When cooled, the cladding exhibited various amounts of tensile yielding. The degree of yielding depended on the amount of cooling and the strength of the cladding relative to that of the base metal. When subjected to tensile bending stress, the sub-clad flaw elastic-plastic stress intensity factor, K{sub I}(J), was at first dominated by crack closing force due to tensile yielding in the cladding. Thus, imposed loads initially caused no increase in K{sub I}(J) near the clad-base interface. However, K{sub I}(J) at the flaw depth was little affected. When the cladding residual stress was overcome, K{sub I}(J) gradually increased until the cladding began to flow. Thereafter, the ratemore » at which K{sub I}(J) increased with load was the same as that of an unclad beam. A plastic zone corrected K{sub I} approximation for the unclad flaw was found by the superposition of standard Newman and Raju solutions with those due to a cladding crack closure force approximated by the Kaya and Erdogan solution. These elastic estimates of the effect of cladding in reducing the crack driving force were quite in keeping with the 3D elastic-plastic finite element solution for the sub-clad flaw. The results were also compared with the analysis of clad beam experiments by Keeney and the conclusions by Miyazaki, et al. A number of sub-clad flaw specimens not subjected to warm prestressing were thought to have suffered degraded toughness caused by locally intensified strain aging embrittlement (LISAE) due to welding over the preexisting flaw.« less
Reference Key
mcafee1996analysisanalysis Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors H. Irizarry-Quinones,B.D. Macdonald,W.J. McAfee;H. Irizarry-Quinones;B.D. Macdonald;W.J. McAfee;
Journal Analysis of unclad and sub-clad semi-elliptical flaws in pressure vessel steels
Year 1996
DOI
10.2172/296772
URL
https://sciprofiles.com/publication/view/78b296a27c3820d0b59f4bd665930995
Keywords
Finite Element Method materials science defects residual stresses coatings yield strength pressure vessels engineering not included in other categories steel-astm-a508 inconel alloys stainless steels stress intensity factors theoretical data

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