Atributos químicos e físicos de latossolos e sua relação com os rendimentos de milho e feijão irrigados Chemical and physical attributes of oxisols and their relation with irrigated corn and common bean yields
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Abstract
Under irrigated agriculture one of the main causes of yield variability, which is the plant-available water, is controlled. In this case, other yield limitations caused by soil attributes become more relevant. To investigate the spatial variability of soil attributes and crop yields, besides the relation between chemical and physical-hydric soil attributes and crop yields of two irrigated commercial plantations (51.8 and 58.2 ha) were studied in Trindade do Sul (TS) and Palmeira das Missões (PM) respectively, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The soil was sampled from a regular grid of 100 x 100 m in the 0-0.10 m layer for chemical analysis. To investigate the relation between chemical and physical-hydric soil attributes and yields, due to the large area of the plantations, three soil management zones were established based on yield maps available (common bean in 2005/06 and 2006, in TS, and corn in 2002/03 and 2003/04, in PM) recorded by harvesters equipped with yield sensors. In these zones, 15 grid points were sampled in the layers 0-0.05, 0.05-0.10 and 0.10-0.20 m to analyze soil attributes. These underlying soil data, analyzed by descriptive statistics and geostatistics, classified the spatial dependence as strong and moderate, with predominance of the spherical model. Spatial variability was highest for P and lowest for pH. Although both plantations were irrigated there was spatial variability in the yields. In the low-yield zone in TS soil acidity, low base saturation and lower available soil water capacity was diagnosed, while in PM the yield constraints were associated to soil compaction, expressed in the bulk density, soil resistance and macroporosity. The low yield zones of irrigated crops, in both croplands, were linked mainly to chemical and physical limitations in the subsurface.
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| Authors | Amado, Telmo Jorge Carneiro;Pes, Luciano Zucuni;Lemainski, Claudio Luiz;Schenato, Ricardo Bergamo; |
| Journal | revista brasileira de ciência do solo |
| Year | 2009 |
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| Keywords | Keywords not found |
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