Placental programming, perinatal inflammation, and neurodevelopment impairment among those born extremely preterm - Pediatric Research

Clicks: 241
ID: 268463
2020
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Abstract
Individuals born extremely preterm are at significant risk for impaired neurodevelopment. After discharge from the neonatal intensive care, associations between the child’s well-being and factors in the home and social environment become increasingly apparent. Mothers’ prenatal health and socioeconomic status are associated with neurodevelopmental outcomes, and emotional and behavioral problems. Research on early life risk factors and on mechanisms underlying inter-individual differences in neurodevelopment later in life can inform the design of personalized approaches to prevention. Here, we review early life predictors of inter-individual differences in later life neurodevelopment among those born extremely preterm. Among biological mechanisms that mediate relationships between early life predictors and later neurodevelopmental outcomes, we highlight evidence for disrupted placental processes and regulated at least in part via epigenetic mechanisms, as well as perinatal inflammation. In relation to these mechanisms, we focus on four prenatal antecedents of impaired neurodevelopment, namely, (1) fetal growth restriction, (2) maternal obesity, (3) placental microorganisms, and (4) socioeconomic adversity. In the future, this knowledge may inform efforts to detect and prevent adverse outcomes in infants born extremely preterm.
Reference Key
bangma2020pediatricplacental Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors Jacqueline T. Bangma;Hadley Hartwell;Hudson P. Santos;T. Michael O’Shea;Rebecca C. Fry;Jacqueline T. Bangma;Hadley Hartwell;Hudson P. Santos;T. Michael O’Shea;Rebecca C. Fry;
Journal Pediatric research
Year 2020
DOI
doi:10.1038/s41390-020-01236-1
URL
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-020-01236-1
Keywords
Pediatrics pediatric surgery general medicine/public health

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