população, grupos étnico-raciais e economia cafeeira: são carlos, 1907 población, grupos étnico-raciales y economía cafetera: são carlos, 1907 population, ethnic groups and the coffee industry: são carlos, brazil, 1907
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Abstract
En São Carlos, la formación de una población establecida se inició aún en la primera mitad del siglo XIX, con las primeras haciendas mantenidas por el trabajo esclavo. En 1884, con la llegada de la ferrovía, el municipio se insertó definitivamente en la vigorosa economía cafetera paulista. São Carlos acompañó así la transición de una economía tocada por el trabajo esclavo a otra en la que predominaban los colonos libres de origen europeo, sobre todo italiano. Menos de dos décadas después de la abolición de la esclavitud, la composición racial de la población se modificó significativamente, gracias a la gran afluencia de inmigrantes y, probablemente también, aunque en menor grado, a la salida de ex-esclavos del municipio. Este aporte diversificado se evidenció en el relevamiento censal realizado en el municipio en 1907, que abarcó la compilación de informaciones variadas referentes a 38.642 individuos que entonces lo habitaban. Este trabajo busca analizar y discutir las características demográficas y la inserción social de diferentes grupos étnico-raciales presentes en la población de São Carlos en esa época. Su relevancia deriva también de la ausencia de relevamientos poblacionales en el período en cuestión, dadas las conocidas deficiencias del censo de 1890 y 1900 y el largo período de 34 años de intermitencia entre el relevamiento poblacional de la provincia de San Pablo de 1886 y el censo nacional de 1920, éste más confiable, sin embargo omiso en cuanto al color de los individuos.
The formation of the population of the city of São Carlos, in the south-central region of the Brazilian State of São Paulo, began in the first half of the 19th century with the first plantations operated by slave labor. In 1884, with the arrival of the railroad, the municipality became solidly and permanently integrated into the overall economy of the state. São Carlos thus kept up with the state's transition from an economy based on slave labor to one where free immigrant settlers of European origin, especially Italian, became the rule. Less than two decades after the abolition of slavery in Brazil, the racial composition of the population had changed significantly due to the great influx of immigrants and, probably, in addition, to the departure from the municipality of many former black slaves. This rapid change can be seen in the data from the federal census carried out in 1907, which compiled the diversified information referring to 38,642 individuals who then inhabited São Carlos. This present analysis discusses the demographic characteristics and social inclusion of different ethnic groups in the city's population during that period. Its importance also results from the absence of demographic data from the period in question, related to the recognized shortcomings of the censuses of 1890 and 1900 and the long period of 34 years between the demographic measurement in what was then the Province of São Paulo, in 1886, and the national census of 1920. The 1920 Census is much more reliable, but nevertheless negligent in terms of the color of individuals.
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truzzi2009revistapopulao,
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| Authors | ;Oswaldo Mário Serra Truzzi;Maria Silvia Beozzo Bassanezi |
| Journal | proceedings of the international astronomical union |
| Year | 2009 |
| DOI |
10.1590/S0102-30982009000200004
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