modelling natural electromagnetic interference in man-made conductors for space weather applications
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2016
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Abstract
Power transmission lines above the ground, cables and pipelines in the
ground and under the sea, and in general all man-made long grounded
conductors are exposed to the variations of the natural electromagnetic
field. The resulting currents in the networks (commonly named
geomagnetically induced currents, GIC), are produced by the conductive
and/or inductive coupling and can compromise or even disrupt system
operations and, in extreme cases, cause power blackouts, railway signalling
mis-operation, or interfere with pipeline corrosion protection systems. To
properly model the GIC in order to mitigate their impacts it is necessary to
know the frequency dependence of the response of these systems to the
geomagnetic variations which naturally span a wide frequency range. For
that, the general equations of the electromagnetic induction in a
multi-layered infinitely long cylinder (representing cable, power line wire,
rail or pipeline) embedded in uniform media have been solved utilising
methods widely used in geophysics. The derived electromagnetic fields and
currents include the effects of the electromagnetic properties of each layer
and of the different types of the surrounding media. This exact solution
then has been used to examine the electromagnetic response of particular
samples of long conducting structures to the external electromagnetic wave
for a wide range of frequencies. Because the exact solution has a rather
complicated structure, simple approximate analytical formulas have been
proposed, analysed and compared with the results from the exact model. These
approximate formulas show good coincidence in the frequency range spanning
from geomagnetic storms (less than mHz) to pulsations (mHz to Hz) to
atmospherics (kHz) and above, and can be recommended for use in space
weather applications.
| Reference Key |
trichtchenko2016annalesmodelling
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|---|---|
| Authors | ;L. Trichtchenko |
| Journal | journal of food measurement and characterization |
| Year | 2016 |
| DOI |
10.5194/angeo-34-427-2016
|
| URL | |
| Keywords |
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