aprendizaje de la historia clínica con pacientes simulados en el grado de medicina learning to take medical histories through patients simulation in undergraduate medical school students

Clicks: 182
ID: 257595
2012
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Abstract
Objetivos. La utilización de la simulación es habitual en medicina para mejorar el conocimiento y habilidades de competencias. Se pueden utilizar pacientes virtuales, simuladores y pacientes simulados. Nosotros planteamos que alumnos de quinto y sexto curso actúen como pacientes simulados para que sus compañeros de primero aprendan la anamnesis de la historia clínica. Sujetos y métodos. Un total de 207 alumnos de primer curso de grado aprendieron a realizar la historia clínica en una sala de urgencias del centro de simulación entrevistando a pacientes simulados, que eran sus compañeros de quinto y sexto curso. Se evaluaron las historias clínicas realizadas, y para conocer el grado de satisfacción de los estudiantes se pidió que cumplimentasen un cuestionario anónimo tanto a los alumnos de primer curso como a los de cursos superiores. Resultados. La valoración de la calidad de las historias clínicas fue de 8,2 sobre 10. Esta metodología ha sido muy bien valorada. A la pregunta "¿el entrenamiento con pacientes simulados ayuda al aprendizaje para la realización de la historia clínica?", los alumnos de primero puntuaron 9, y los de quinto y sexto, 9,2. Al ítem "¿trabajar con pacientes simulados mejora sus habilidades de comunicación?", ambos grupos puntuaron 8,6. Y para "¿es adecuado el aprendizaje de la historia clínica mediante pacientes simulados previo a su aprendizaje con pacientes reales?", ambos grupos puntuaron 9,3. La valoración de la experiencia como paciente simulado fue de 9,3. Conclusión. El aprendizaje de la historia clínica en primer curso del grado de Medicina mediante pacientes simulados resulta beneficioso para los alumnos. Un contacto temprano con la clínica a partir del aprendizaje basado en la simulación podría mejorar la formación de los estudiantes.
Aims. Simulation techniques are commonly used in medical education to improve the acquisition of knowledge, abilities and competencies. Several methods have been proposed: virtual patients, high fidelity devices and standard patients. We propose the use of 5th-6th year Medical School students acting as patients when teaching history taking to their 1st year colleagues. Subjects and methods. A total of 207 students from 1st year Medical School underwent training in history taking at the Simulation Center, with senior students acting as actors. The quality of the written medical records was evaluated by two medical doctors. The satisfaction of all students involved in the course was evaluated through an anonymous voluntary questionnaire. Results. The average score of the written medical histories was 8.2/10, more than satisfactory for our goals. Students' satisfaction rate was high. Mean score on questions inquiring the usefulness of patient simulation in learning how to perform a clinical history was 9/10 and 9.2/10 for first and fifth-sixth year students respectively. Questions on improvement of communication skills scored 8.6/10 and 8.6/10 respectively. The fruitfulness of training with simulated patients before practicing with real patients was 9.3/10 and 9.3/10 respectively. Finally, the assessment of the whole course with simulated patients was of 9.3/10. Conclusion. Learning history taking in first year Medical School with simulated patients acted by senior students was beneficial and user-friendly for both students and actors. An early contact with the clinical practice through simulated patients could improve performance and safety.
Reference Key
rodrguez-dez2012educacinaprendizaje Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors ;M. Cristina Rodríguez-Díez;Juan J. Beunza;Cristina López-Del Burgo;Omar Hyder;M. Pilar Civeira-Murillo;Nieves Díez
Journal inventions
Year 2012
DOI
DOI not found
URL
http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1575-18132012000100010
Keywords
medical school simulated patients

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