combinações entre cultivares, ambientes, preparo e cobertura do solo em características agronômicas de alface combination of cultivars, environments, tillage and mulching of soil influencing agronomical characteristics of lettuce

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ID: 255864
2009
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Abstract
Objetivou-se identificar combinações entre cultivares, ambientes de cultivo e preparo e cobertura de solo capazes de melhorar o desempenho agronômico e aumentar a produtividade da cultura da alface em cultivo orgânico. A pesquisa foi conduzida na Universidade Federal do Acre, utilizando o delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados, com parcelas subdivididas para cada experimento (campo e casa de vegetação), com quatro repetições. Em cada experimento, três cultivares de alface (Simpson, Marisa e Vera), constituindo as sub-parcelas, foram sorteadas nas parcelas, representadas por quatro preparos e cobertura do solo (encanteiramento com cobertura de palha de arroz, polietileno prateado, solo descoberto e plantio direto). A produtividade comercial de alface foi de 12,3 t ha-1 em cultivo protegido e de 7,9 t ha-1 em campo. O cultivo protegido promoveu melhor desenvolvimento das plantas, caracterizado por maior massa da matéria fresca e seca da parte aérea, massa da matéria fresca comercial e melhor classificação comercial, além de promover bom desempenho agronômico e maior produtividade em qualquer um dos preparos de solo. As cultivares Simpson e Marisa apresentaram massa da matéria seca da parte aérea semelhante e superior à 'Vera', porém, o crescimento do caule da 'Simpson' foi elevado, caracterizando pendoamento precoce, fato que reduz sua qualidade comercial. As cultivares Marisa e Vera não alongaram o caule indicando serem tolerantes às condições ambientais de Rio Branco. A cobertura do solo com casca de arroz ou plástico prateado contribuiu para minimizar os efeitos climáticos prejudiciais ao cultivo da alface em campo. O plantio direto orgânico não diferiu do plantio em canteiro descoberto.
Combinations among cultivars, environments and soil tillage capable of improving the agronomic performance and to increase the yield of lettuce under organic cultivation were studied. The research was carried out in Rio Branco, Acre State, using the experimental design of randomized blocks with four replicates, in split-plot arrangement. In each experiment (field and greenhouse), three lettuce cultivars (Simpson, Marisa and Vera), constituting the split-plot, were raffled in the plot represented by four soil tillage and mulching treatments (conventional tillage using mulch of rice husk, silvered polyethylene, unmulched soil and no-tillage). The commercial yield of lettuce was of 12.3 t ha-1 in greenhouse and of 7.9 t ha-1 in field. The cultivation in greenhouse improved the development of the plants, characterized by higher fresh and dry matter mass of shoots, commercial fresh matter mass and better commercial classification, besides good agronomic performance and high yield with any of the mulching. The cultivars Simpson and Marisa presented the same dry matter mass of shoots and were superior to 'Vera'. However, cultivar Simpson presented elevated stem growth characterizing precocious flowering, reducing the commercial quality. Cultivars Marisa and Vera with reduced stem prolongation are tolerant to the environmental conditions of Rio Branco. Mulching the soil with rice husk or silver plastic in field contributed to minimize the harmful climatic effect to the cultivation of lettuce. The organic no-tillage cultivation did not differ from that one in unmulched soil.
Reference Key
ferreira2009horticulturacombinaes Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors ;Regina Lúcia F Ferreira;Sebastião Elviro de Araújo Neto;Sonaira S da Silva;Éllen A Abud;Maria Izabel de FL Rezende;Jorge F Kusdra
Journal research on biomedical engineering
Year 2009
DOI
10.1590/S0102-05362009000300023
URL
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-05362009000300023
Keywords
no-tillage

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