perfusion imaging in autoimmune encephalitis

Clicks: 210
ID: 255323
2018
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Abstract
Encephalitis is characterized by inflammation of brain tissue and has various infectious and noninfectious causes. CSF analysis and MRI usually reveal inflammatory changes although sometimes brain imaging may be normal. Autoimmune encephalitis is caused by antibodies against neuronal synaptic receptors, surface proteins, or intracellular proteins. In this case report, we present a 65-year-old female who presented with a fall and altered mental status. Workup for infectious etiologies was negative and MRI of the brain displayed focal restricted diffusion with corresponding T2-FLAIR hyperintensity involving gray matter structures, making the diagnosis unclear. CT perfusion of the brain demonstrated increased cerebral blood volume and cerebral blood flow in the left parietooccipital gray matter, with corresponding normal mean transit time. Following treatment failure with acyclovir, antibiotics, and steroids, the patient was found to be positive for GAD65 antibodies and diagnosed with autoimmune encephalitis. Symptoms markedly improved with plasmapheresis. Autoimmune encephalitis rarely causes restricted diffusion and this is the first case report to describe corresponding hyperperfusion on CT perfusion study.
Reference Key
vallabhaneni2018caseperfusion Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors ;Deepak Vallabhaneni;Muhammad Atif Naveed;Rajiv Mangla;Awss Zidan;Rashi I. Mehta
Journal faṣlnāmah-i pizhūhish/hā-yi rāhburdī-i siyāsat
Year 2018
DOI
10.1155/2018/3538645
URL
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3538645
Keywords
medical physics nuclear medicine medical radiology

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