produção da cenoura e efeito na fertilidade do solo e nutrição decorrente da solarização do solo para controle da tiririca carrot production and effect on soil fertility and nutrition as function of soil solarization for purple nutsedge weed control
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ID: 254971
2006
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Abstract
Dentre os desafios do cultivo orgânico de hortaliças destaca-se o controle de plantas daninhas, devido à proibição do uso de herbicidas. Entre as invasoras, a tiririca (Cyperus rotundus L.) é de difícil controle pela sua alta competitividade. A solarização é uma alternativa para desinfestação do solo, a qual consiste em cobri-lo com plástico transparente, com bons resultados no controle da tiririca. A fim de avaliar a influência do preparo e do revolvimento do solo sobre a eficiência da solarização no controle da tiririca, bem como seu posterior efeito sobre o cultivo da cenoura, foi realizado um experimento na Fazendinha Agroecológica, em Seropédica (RJ). O experimento foi disposto em blocos ao acaso com três repetições, em arranjo fatorial 2 x 3 mais uma testemunha adicional, sendo: 1) solo solarizado, preparado (com grade aradora) e revolvido 30 dias após a solarização (manualmente com auxílio de uma enxada); 2) solo solarizado, preparado e revolvido aos 60 dias; 3) solo solarizado, preparado e não revolvido; 4) solo solarizado, não preparado e revolvido aos 30 dias; 5) solo solarizado, não preparado e revolvido aos 60 dias; 6) solo solarizado, não preparado e não revolvido; solo não solarizado, não preparado e não revolvido (testemunha). A solarização iniciou-se em 29/1/2002, e durou cem dias. A solarização reduziu em 86% a infestação de tiririca no cultivo da cenoura. Até 10 cm de profundidade, a temperatura do solo foi superior nas parcelas solarizadas, porém a 5 cm, a solarização foi mais eficiente quando associada ao preparo do solo, não havendo efeito do revolvimento. A solarização aumentou os valores da biomassa microbiana e dos teores de Ca, Mg e P do solo. O desenvolvimento da cenoura foi influenciado pela solarização que resultou em maior produtividade.
Herbicides are not allowed in organic farming system which turns the control of weeds plants quite difficult during the cultivation of vegetables. Amongst the weeds, purple nutsedge is specially hard to control due to is aggressiveness. Solarization represents an alternative to soil desinfestation, which consists in covering the soil with a transparent plastic piece and it is capable to show good results regarding purple nutsedge control. An experiment was performed at Embrapa Agrobiologia, aiming to verify the influence of soil preparation and revolving on the efficiency to purple nutsedge control as well as the afterward effect over carrot cultivation. The experiment was set up as a randomized block design with three replications in a factorial 2 x 3 and one additional control: 1) solarized soil prepared (with a grader) and (manual hoe) revolved 30 days after the solarization treatment; 2) solarized soil, prepared and revolved 60 days after the solarization treatment; 3) solarized soil, prepared but not revolved; 4) solarized soil which was only revolved 30 days after the solarization treatment; 5) solarized soil which was only revolved 60 days after the solarization treatment; 6) soil submitted only to solarization; and 7) not solarized soil, not prepared and not revolved (control). Solarization started on January 29, 2002 and lasted 100 days. Solarization reduced 86% of purple nutsedge infestation during carrot cultivation. At the 10 cm depth, soil temperature was higher in the solarization treatments, but at 5 cm depth, solarization was more efficient when associated to soil that has been prepared. The use of hoe to revolve soil did not show any effect. Solarization increased microbial biomass values and soil Ca, Mg and P concentrations. Carrot growth parameters were highly influenced by solarization, resulting in yield increase.
Herbicides are not allowed in organic farming system which turns the control of weeds plants quite difficult during the cultivation of vegetables. Amongst the weeds, purple nutsedge is specially hard to control due to is aggressiveness. Solarization represents an alternative to soil desinfestation, which consists in covering the soil with a transparent plastic piece and it is capable to show good results regarding purple nutsedge control. An experiment was performed at Embrapa Agrobiologia, aiming to verify the influence of soil preparation and revolving on the efficiency to purple nutsedge control as well as the afterward effect over carrot cultivation. The experiment was set up as a randomized block design with three replications in a factorial 2 x 3 and one additional control: 1) solarized soil prepared (with a grader) and (manual hoe) revolved 30 days after the solarization treatment; 2) solarized soil, prepared and revolved 60 days after the solarization treatment; 3) solarized soil, prepared but not revolved; 4) solarized soil which was only revolved 30 days after the solarization treatment; 5) solarized soil which was only revolved 60 days after the solarization treatment; 6) soil submitted only to solarization; and 7) not solarized soil, not prepared and not revolved (control). Solarization started on January 29, 2002 and lasted 100 days. Solarization reduced 86% of purple nutsedge infestation during carrot cultivation. At the 10 cm depth, soil temperature was higher in the solarization treatments, but at 5 cm depth, solarization was more efficient when associated to soil that has been prepared. The use of hoe to revolve soil did not show any effect. Solarization increased microbial biomass values and soil Ca, Mg and P concentrations. Carrot growth parameters were highly influenced by solarization, resulting in yield increase.
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ricci2006bragantiaproduo
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|---|---|
| Authors | ;Marta dos Santos Freire Ricci;Fabio Freire de Oliveira;Simone Cordeiro de Miranda;Janaina Ribeiro Costa |
| Journal | revista espanola de salud publica |
| Year | 2006 |
| DOI |
10.1590/S0006-87052006000400011
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