new insights into the vertical structure of the september 2015 dust storm employing eight ceilometers and auxiliary measurements over israel
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2018
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Abstract
On 7 September 2015, an unprecedented and unexceptional extreme dust storm
struck the eastern Mediterranean (EM) basin. Here, we provide an overview of
the previous studies and describe the dust plume evolution over a relatively
small area, i.e., Israel. This study presents vertical profiles provided by
an array of eight ceilometers covering the Israeli shore, inland and mountain
regions. We employ multiple tools including spectral radiometers (Aerosol Robotic Network – AERONET),
ground particulate matter concentrations, satellite images,
global/diffuse/direct solar radiation measurements and radiosonde profiles.
The main findings reveal that the dust plume penetrated Israel on 7 September
from the northeast in a downward motion to southwest. On 8 September, the
lower level of the dust plume reached 200 m above ground level,
generating aerosol optical depth (AOD) above 3 and extreme ground
particulate matter concentrations up to ∼ 10 000 µm m−3. A most interesting feature on 8 September was the very high
variability in the surface solar radiation in the range of
200–600 W m−2 (22 sites) over just a distance of several hundred
kilometers in spite of the thick dust layer above. Furthermore, 8 September shows the
lowest radiation levels for this event. On the following day, the surface
solar radiation increased, thus enabling a late (between 11:00 and 12:00 UTC)
sea breeze development mainly in the coastal zone associated with a creation
of a narrow dust layer detached from the ground. On 10 September, the AOD
values started to drop down to ∼ 1.5, and the surface concentrations of
particulate matter decreased as well as the ceilometers' aerosol indications
(signal counts) although Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder
Satellite Observation (CALIPSO) revealed an upper dust layer remained.
| Reference Key |
uzan2018atmosphericnew
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|---|---|
| Authors | ;L. Uzan;L. Uzan;S. Egert;P. Alpert |
| Journal | Journal of agricultural and food chemistry |
| Year | 2018 |
| DOI |
10.5194/acp-18-3203-2018
|
| URL | |
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