cultivo hidropônico da alface empregando substratos: uma alternativa a nft? growing lettuce plants in hydroponics using substrates: an alternative for the nft?

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ID: 254283
2004
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Abstract
Foi desenvolvido um dispositivo experimental para o cultivo da alface em sistema hidropônico fechado empregando substratos. As bancadas foram constituídas por telhas de cimento amianto, cujos canais foram preenchidos com brita basáltica. Sobre a brita foram dispostos os substratos, formando uma camada de 0,05 m de altura, com a superfície revestida com filme de polietileno opaco branco. As mudas foram produzidas em bandejas de poliestireno e plantadas em orifícios feitos sobre a superfície do filme de polietileno. Uma solução nutritiva completa foi fornecida diariamente, por meio de tubos gotejadores localizados na superfície da camada de substrato e abaixo do filme de polietileno. A solução drenada foi recolhida por gravidade para dentro do reservatório principal. Foram conduzidos dois experimentos, no período entre 16 de maio e 24 de junho e 1º e 28 de outubro de 2003, empregando as cultivares Regina e Mimosa e os substratos areia média e substrato orgânico Plantmax® Folhosas HA. No decorrer dos experimentos, houve diminuição dos valores de pH da solução nutritiva, tendo sido feita apenas uma correção em cada um dos experimentos. No dia mais quente do experimento de primavera, a temperatura foi mais elevada na areia, sem diferença significativa do substrato orgânico, cuja média situou-se 5,4ºC acima da temperatura da solução nutritiva e 0,4ºC acima daquela do ar. As médias mais elevadas das variáveis de crescimento e desenvolvimento foram observadas no substrato orgânico no outono, enquanto, na primavera, foram constatadas nos tratamentos tendo areia como substrato. O emprego dos substratos permitiu uma redução em torno de 92,4% no tempo de funcionamento da motobomba e simplificou tanto o manejo da fertirrigação como os controles da solução nutritiva.
An experimental set-up to grow lettuce plants in a closed hydroponic growing system using substrates was made up and tested. Commercial fibber cement tiles were used as growing beds, in which gullies were filled with basaltic gravel. Substrates were laid out over the gravel in a 0.05 m layer depth and covered with a white polyethylene sheet. Lettuce plantlets from polystyrene nursery trays were planted in gaps made by cuttings on the polyethylene sheet. A complete nutrient solution was delivered daily to plants, by means of a drip irrigation system placed just bellow the polyethylene sheet and over the substrate layer. The nutrient solution running off from gullies was conducted back to the catchment tank. Two experiments were carried out, from May 16 to June 24, and from October 1th to October 28, 2003, using the lettuce cultivars Regina and Mimosa, and sand and the organic substrate Plantmax® Folhosas HA as growing media. The pH values of the nutrient solution decreased, but only one pH correction was made during each one of the experimental periods. On the hottest day of the spring experiment, temperature was higher in sand, but did not differ significantly from the organic substrate. Average values reached 5.4ºC above that of the nutrient solution and 0.4ºC above that of the air. Growth and development plant variables showed higher values in plants growing in the organic substrate in autumn, whereas in spring they were recorded on plants grown in sand. The substrates allowed a 92.4% reduction in the time during which the pump was switched on, leading to a simplification in practices of fertigation and control of the nutrient solution.
Reference Key
andriolo2004horticulturacultivo Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors ;Jerônimo L. Andriolo;Gean L. da Luz;Caroline Giraldi;Rodrigo dos S. Godoi;Gisele Teixeira Barros
Journal research on biomedical engineering
Year 2004
DOI
10.1590/S0102-05362004000400026
URL
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-05362004000400026
Keywords
fertigation lactuca sativa

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