heavy metal toxicity in armed conflicts potentiates amr in a. baumannii by selecting for antibiotic and heavy metal co-resistance mechanisms

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2020
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Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii has become increasingly resistant to leading antimicrobial agents since the 1970s. Increased resistance appears linked to armed conflicts, notably since widespread media stories amplified clinical reports in the wake of the American invasion of Iraq in 2003. Antimicrobial resistance is usually assumed to arise through selection pressure exerted by antimicrobial treatment, particularly where treatment is inadequate, as in the case of low dosing, substandard antimicrobial agents, or shortened treatment course. Recently attention has focused on an emerging pathogen, multi-drug resistant A. baumannii (MDRAb). MDRAb gained media attention after being identified in American soldiers returning from Iraq and treated in US military facilities, where it was termed “Iraqibacter.” However, MDRAb is strongly associated in the literature with war injuries that are heavily contaminated by both environmental debris and shrapnel from weapons. Both may harbor substantial amounts of toxic heavy metals. Interestingly, heavy metals are known to also select for antimicrobial resistance. In this review we highlight the potential causes of antimicrobial resistance by heavy metals, with a focus on its emergence in A. baumanni in war zones.
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bazzi2020frontiersheavy Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors ;Wael Bazzi;Wael Bazzi;Wael Bazzi;Antoine G. Abou Fayad;Antoine G. Abou Fayad;Antoine G. Abou Fayad;Aya Nasser;Aya Nasser;Aya Nasser;Louis-Patrick Haraoui;Omar Dewachi;Ghassan Abou-Sitta;Vinh-Kim Nguyen;Aula Abara;Nabil Karah;Hannah Landecker;Charles Knapp;Megan M. McEvoy;Muhammad H. Zaman;Paul G. Higgins;Paul G. Higgins;Ghassan M. Matar;Ghassan M. Matar;Ghassan M. Matar
Journal journal of magnetic resonance (san diego, calif : 1997)
Year 2020
DOI
10.3389/fmicb.2020.00068
URL
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2020.00068/full
Keywords
heavy metals bacteria antimicrobial resistance acinetobacter baumannii

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