possible electromagnetic effects on abnormal animal behavior before an earthquake

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ID: 249931
2013
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Abstract
The former statistical properties summarized by Rikitake (1998) on unusual animal behavior before an earthquake (EQ) have first been presented by using two parameters (epicentral distance (D) of an anomaly and its precursor (or lead) time (T)). Three plots are utilized to characterize the unusual animal behavior; (i) EQ magnitude (M) versus D, (ii) log T versus M, and (iii) occurrence histogram of log T. These plots are compared with the corresponding plots for different seismo-electromagnetic effects (radio emissions in different frequency ranges, seismo-atmospheric and -ionospheric perturbations) extensively obtained during the last 15–20 years. From the results of comparisons in terms of three plots, it is likely that lower frequency (ULF (ultra-low-frequency, f ≤ 1 Hz) and ELF (extremely-low-frequency, f ≤ a few hundreds Hz)) electromagnetic emissions exhibit a very similar temporal evolution with that of abnormal animal behavior. It is also suggested that a quantity of field intensity multiplied by the persistent time (or duration) of noise would play the primary role in abnormal animal behavior before an EQ.
Reference Key
hayakawa2013animalspossible Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors ;Masashi Hayakawa
Journal translational oncology
Year 2013
DOI
10.3390/ani3010019
URL
http://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/3/1/19
Keywords Keywords not found

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