charges and electromagnetic radiation as topological excitations

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ID: 248670
2017
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Ranked #15 of 103 articles by views in biotechnology reports (amsterdam, netherlands)

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Abstract
We discuss a model with stable topological solitons in Minkowski space with only three degrees of freedom, the rotational angles of a spatial Dreibein. This model has four types of solitons differing in two topological quantum numbers which we identify with electric charge and spin. The vacuum has a two-dimensional degeneracy leading to two types of massless excitations, characterised by a topological quantum number which could have a physical equivalent in the photon number.
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faber2017advancescharges Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors ;Manfried Faber
Journal biotechnology reports (amsterdam, netherlands)
Year 2017
DOI
10.1155/2017/9340516
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