observações gerais sôbre os grandes tipos de solo do estado de são paulo
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1951
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Abstract
Êste trabalho suscinto sôbre os solos do Estado de São Paulo, é o resultado de 15 anos de estudos. Foram feitos nesse espaço de tempo, mais de 80.000 km de excursões pelo Estado ; coletados cêrca de 700 perfis de solo. com suas várias camadas e compreendendo profundidades entre 1,5 e 5,0 m* Foram tomadas mais de 20.000 amostras superficiais (até 40 cm) de solo ; mais de 4.000 amostras de rochas e cêrca de 6.000 fotografias. A superfície estudada, envolve cêrca de 24.700.000 ha e está situada entre as latitudes sul de 19°50' e 25°10' e entre as longitudes (seg. Greenwich) de 44°10' e 53°10'. As altitudes variam entre 3 e 1.700 m acima do nível do mar. Neste trabalho básico, inicial, dividimos o Estado em 10 grandes tipos de solo que se acham bastante relacionados com a petrologia em geral. A descrição dêsses 10 grandes tipos, segue a ordem cronológica decrescente, segundo as formações geológicas. Começamos pelos solos provenientes de rochas arcaicas, tais como gnaisses, granitos, etc. Damos, em geral, as características físicas e químicas, assim como geologia e análise mineralógica das frações : areia fina e areia grossa, dêsses grandes tipos de solo. No trabalho são mencionadas as áreas de cada tipo de solo existente no Estado de São Paulo, as culturas principais e a vegetação nativa. Comentam-se, também rapidamente, a erodibilidade desses solos e as suas características morfológicas. Incluem-se também fotografias típicas dos principais tipos de solo, bem como três mapas, o primeiro mostrando os caminhos principais percorridos nas excursões ; o segundo, os locais de retirada de amostras e o terceiro, o mapa dos 10 grandes tipos de solo do Estado de São Paulo.
The main soil types of the State of São Paulo, Brazil, were studied during the last 15 years and their general description is presented in this paper. Over 80,000 km of field excursions were made in order to collect approximately 4,000 rock samples, 700 profiles from depths varying from 1.5 to 5.0 m, 20,000 shallow samples and about 6,000 photographs. The soil types studiel cover an area of 24,700,000 ha, located between the latitudes 19° 50' and 25° 10' South, and the longitudes 44° 10' and 53° 10' West (Greenwich), the altitude varying from 3m to 1,700 m above sea level. For this area the temperature range in the dry winter season (May to July) is from 0° to 25°C and in the rainy summer months (November to February), from 18° to 30°C. The rainfail varies from 2,000 to 3,000 mm (along the cost) and from 1,000 to 1,800 mm in the plateau. The following ten main soil types were described : massapé salmourão, devoniano, glacial, corumbataí, arenito Botucatú, roxa legítima, arenito Baurú, terciário, baixadas, and roxa misturada, and their locations are given in fig. 3. For the ten soil types, determination of physical and chemical properties were made and presented in tables 1 to 14. General information is also given on the specific area, geological origin, topography, native vegetation, and main crops grown in each one of the soils studied.
The main soil types of the State of São Paulo, Brazil, were studied during the last 15 years and their general description is presented in this paper. Over 80,000 km of field excursions were made in order to collect approximately 4,000 rock samples, 700 profiles from depths varying from 1.5 to 5.0 m, 20,000 shallow samples and about 6,000 photographs. The soil types studiel cover an area of 24,700,000 ha, located between the latitudes 19° 50' and 25° 10' South, and the longitudes 44° 10' and 53° 10' West (Greenwich), the altitude varying from 3m to 1,700 m above sea level. For this area the temperature range in the dry winter season (May to July) is from 0° to 25°C and in the rainy summer months (November to February), from 18° to 30°C. The rainfail varies from 2,000 to 3,000 mm (along the cost) and from 1,000 to 1,800 mm in the plateau. The following ten main soil types were described : massapé salmourão, devoniano, glacial, corumbataí, arenito Botucatú, roxa legítima, arenito Baurú, terciário, baixadas, and roxa misturada, and their locations are given in fig. 3. For the ten soil types, determination of physical and chemical properties were made and presented in tables 1 to 14. General information is also given on the specific area, geological origin, topography, native vegetation, and main crops grown in each one of the soils studied.
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neto1951bragantiaobservaes
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| Authors | ;J. E. De Paiva Neto;H. A. Catani;A. Küpper;H. Penna Medina;F. C. Verdade;M. Gutmans;A. C. Nascimento |
| Journal | revista espanola de salud publica |
| Year | 1951 |
| DOI |
10.1590/S0006-87051951000300005
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| URL | |
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