representing the effects of stratosphere–troposphere exchange on 3-d o3 distributions in chemistry transport models using a potential vorticity-based parameterization
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2016
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Abstract
Downward transport of ozone (O3) from the
stratosphere can be a significant contributor to tropospheric O3
background levels. However, this process often is not well represented in
current regional models. In this study, we develop a seasonally and
spatially varying potential vorticity (PV)-based function to parameterize
upper tropospheric and/or lower stratospheric (UTLS) O3 in a chemistry
transport model. This dynamic O3–PV function is developed based on
21-year ozonesonde records from World Ozone and Ultraviolet Radiation Data
Centre (WOUDC) with corresponding PV values from a 21-year Weather Research
and Forecasting (WRF) simulation across the Northern Hemisphere from 1990 to
2010. The result suggests strong spatial and seasonal variations of
O3 ∕ PV ratios which exhibits large values in the upper layers and in
high-latitude regions, with highest values in spring and the lowest values
in autumn over an annual cycle. The newly developed O3 ∕ PV function was
then applied in the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model for an
annual simulation of the year 2006. The simulated UTLS O3 agrees much
better with observations in both magnitude and seasonality after the
implementation of the new parameterization. Considerable impacts on surface
O3 model performance were found in the comparison with observations
from three observational networks, i.e., EMEP, CASTNET and WDCGG. With the
new parameterization, the negative bias in spring is reduced from −20 to
−15 % in the reference case to −9 to −1 %, while the positive bias in
autumn is increased from 1 to 15 % in the reference case to 5 to 22 %.
Therefore, the downward transport of O3 from upper layers has large
impacts on surface concentration and needs to be properly represented in
regional models.
| Reference Key |
xing2016atmosphericrepresenting
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|---|---|
| Authors | ;J. Xing;J. Xing;R. Mathur;J. Pleim;C. Hogrefe;J. Wang;J. Wang;C.-M. Gan;G. Sarwar;D. C. Wong;S. McKeen |
| Journal | Journal of agricultural and food chemistry |
| Year | 2016 |
| DOI |
10.5194/acp-16-10865-2016
|
| URL | |
| Keywords |
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