velhos indicadores para novos problemas: a relação entre saneamento e saúde old indicators for new problems: the relationship between sanitation and health

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ID: 233562
2007
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Abstract
OBJETIVO: Revisar a literatura publicada entre 1995 e 2004 acerca da relação entre saneamento e saúde e levantar as principais variáveis analisadas e as doenças ou agravos usados como marcadores de efeito ou de risco ambiental. MÉTODO: Realizou-se uma busca nas bases de dados Medline, SciELO e LILACS utilizando os termos "sanitation" e "health" e "indicator" e "water" (saneamento, saúde, indicador e água). Foram identificados 103 artigos, sendo que 17 foram considerados pertinentes à análise proposta. Foram identificados, para cada artigo, o desenho do estudo e as variáveis de saúde e de saneamento avaliadas. RESULTADOS: O desenho ecológico foi o mais freqüente, tendo sido utilizado em sete dos 17 estudos. A maioria dos artigos enfocava a diarréia como variável de saúde (10 estudos) e a qualidade da água como variável de saneamento (10 estudos). Em 15 estudos foi observada uma associação positiva entre a variável de saúde e a variável de saneamento investigadas. CONCLUSÕES: Ainda restam muitas lacunas no entendimento do saneamento e de seu papel, principalmente nos grandes centros urbanos, onde a dependência dos sistemas de água e esgotamento sanitário é muito grande, não existindo, na maioria das vezes, fontes alternativas de abastecimento. Os estudos ecológicos construídos a partir de dados secundários e os inquéritos específicos têm se destacado como uma boa opção para análises envolvendo as relações entre condições de saneamento e saúde.
OBJECTIVE: To review the literature published from 1995-2004 on the relationship between sanitation and health and to identify the main variables analyzed and the diseases or injuries used as markers of effect or environmental health. METHOD: A search of Medline, SciELO, and LILACS on "sanitation" and "health" and "indicator" and "water" produced 103 articles, 17 of which were considered relevant for the analysis. We identified the study design and the sanitation and health variables analyzed in each of the 17 studies. RESULTS: The most common study design was ecological and was employed in seven of the 17 studies. In most (10 studies), the health variable was diarrhea and sanitation variable was water quality. Fifteen studies reported a positive association between the health and sanitation variables. CONCLUSIONS: There are still many gaps in our understanding of sanitation and its role, especially in large urban centers that are dependent on water and sewerage systems and often lack alternative water sources. Ecological studies based on secondary data and specific surveys have been shown to be a good option for analyses correlating sanitation and health.
Reference Key
andreazzi2007revistavelhos Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors ;Marco Antonio Ratzsch Andreazzi;Christovam Barcellos;Sandra Hacon
Journal communications on pure and applied analysis
Year 2007
DOI
DOI not found
URL
http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1020-49892007000800008
Keywords
environmental health environmental monitoring sanitation brasil tropical medicinepublic aspects of medicine saneamento saúde ambiental

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