chemical processes related to net ozone tendencies in the free troposphere
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2017
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Abstract
Ozone (O3) is an important atmospheric oxidant, a greenhouse
gas, and a hazard to human health and agriculture. Here we describe airborne
in situ measurements and model simulations of O3 and its precursors
during tropical and extratropical field campaigns over South America and
Europe, respectively. Using the measurements, net ozone formation/destruction
tendencies are calculated and compared to 3-D chemistry–transport model
simulations. In general, observation-based net ozone tendencies are positive
in the continental boundary layer and the upper troposphere at altitudes
above ∼ 6 km in both environments. On the other hand, in the
marine boundary layer and the middle troposphere, from the top of the
boundary layer to about 6–8 km altitude, net O3 destruction prevails.
The ozone tendencies are controlled by ambient concentrations of nitrogen
oxides (NOx). In regions with net ozone destruction the available
NOx is below the threshold value at which production and destruction of
O3 balance. While threshold NO values increase with altitude, in the
upper troposphere NOx concentrations are generally higher due to the
integral effect of convective precursor transport from the boundary layer,
downward transport from the stratosphere and NOx produced by lightning.
Two case studies indicate that in fresh convective outflow of electrified
thunderstorms net ozone production is enhanced by a factor 5–6 compared to
the undisturbed upper tropospheric background. The chemistry–transport model
MATCH-MPIC generally reproduces the pattern of observation-based net ozone
tendencies but mostly underestimates the magnitude of the net tendency (for
both net ozone production and destruction).
| Reference Key |
bozem2017atmosphericchemical
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|---|---|
| Authors | ;H. Bozem;H. Bozem;T. M. Butler;M. G. Lawrence;H. Harder;M. Martinez;D. Kubistin;D. Kubistin;J. Lelieveld;H. Fischer |
| Journal | Journal of agricultural and food chemistry |
| Year | 2017 |
| DOI |
10.5194/acp-17-10565-2017
|
| URL | |
| Keywords |
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