efeito residual dos herbicidas imazaquin e imazethapyr, aplicados na soja, sobre o milho safrinha carryover effects of imazaquin and imazethapyr on corn planted right after soybean
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ID: 226058
1998
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Abstract
Com o objetivo de se avaliar os efeitos da persistência dos herbicidas imazaquin e imazethapyr na cultura do milho safrinha em sucessão à da soja, tratada com estes produtos, foi instalado um ensaio na Fazenda Escola da Universidade Estadual de Londrina, solo argiloso (75% de argila), na safra agrícola 1995/96. O delineamento experimental adotado foi o de blocos ao acaso, com parcelas subdivididas em faixas. Os tratamentos principais foram constituídos pelos herbicidas: 1.Testemunha; 2.Imazaquin PPI -120 g.i.a./ha; 3.Imazaquin PPI - 240 g.i.a./ha; 4.Imazethapyr PRE - 80 g.i.a./ha e 5.Imazethapyr PRE - 160 g.i.a./ha. Os tratamentos secundários foram constituídos pelas épocas de semeadura do milho: 0 (zero), 30, 60, 90, 120 e 150 dias após a aplicação - DAA. As avaliações, tanto de fitotoxicidade visual como de biomassa seca das plantas e produtividade do milho, revelaram uma maior sensibilidade da cultura ao imazaquin do que ao imazethapyr, embora a quantidade (ppb) de imazethapyr encontrada nas análises cromatográficas das amostras de solo (HPLC) tenha sido maior que a de imazaquin. Nos primeiros plantios, o imazaquin causou dano praticamente total às plantas, enquanto o imazethapyr proporcionou uma injúria de 30-40% na dose normal(80 g.i.a./ha). Nos plantios após 120 DAA esses sintomas foram diminuindo gradativamente até desaparecerem. A curva de regressão dos dados de colheita revelou intervalos de 87 e 112 dias para imazethapyr e imazaquin, respectivamente, para que não mais houvesse diminuição na produtividade do milho semeado após a aplicação da dose normal destes produtos. Correlacionando-se os parâmetros avaliados, observou-se que, mesmo havendo fitotoxicidade no início do desenvolvimento das plantas de milho, essas se recuperaram, tendo produtividade normal após os referidos intervalos. Dos parâmetros avaliados no bioensaio com pepino (Cucumis sativus), a biomassa seca das plantas confirmou a maior sensibilidade do pepino em relação ao milho, sendo prejudicada pela ação residual dos herbicidas no solo até o intervalo mínimo de 127 e 135 DAA para imazethapyr - 80 g.i.a./ha e imazaquin - 120 g.i.a./ha, respectivamente.
The effects of imazaquin and imazethapyr on corn (safrinha) planted right after the soybean were studied on a clay soil (75% clay) in Londrina, State of Paraná, Brazil, during the season 1995/96. Imazaquin was applied to soybean at 120 and 240 gai/ha PPI and imazethapyr was applied at 80 and 160 gai/ha at pre emergence. Corn was planted every 30 days from application till harvest (150 DAA). The corn crop was much more sensitive to imazaquin than to imazethapyr although the residue of imazethapyr found in the soil samples (HPLC) was higher than imazaquin till 90 DAA. In the first month after application the residual of imazaquin caused high crop injury to corn while imazethapyr caused 30-40% injury at normal rate. Yield results showed no damage after 87 days for imazethapyr (80 gai/ha) and after 112 days for imazaquin (120 g.i.a./ha) application. After these periods, the corn plants showed somewhat early crop injury. In a bioassay test cucumber (Cucumis sativus) showed higher sensitivity compared to corn. The dry weight data showed no difference after 127 days for imazethapyr application and after 135 days for imazaquin application.
The effects of imazaquin and imazethapyr on corn (safrinha) planted right after the soybean were studied on a clay soil (75% clay) in Londrina, State of Paraná, Brazil, during the season 1995/96. Imazaquin was applied to soybean at 120 and 240 gai/ha PPI and imazethapyr was applied at 80 and 160 gai/ha at pre emergence. Corn was planted every 30 days from application till harvest (150 DAA). The corn crop was much more sensitive to imazaquin than to imazethapyr although the residue of imazethapyr found in the soil samples (HPLC) was higher than imazaquin till 90 DAA. In the first month after application the residual of imazaquin caused high crop injury to corn while imazethapyr caused 30-40% injury at normal rate. Yield results showed no damage after 87 days for imazethapyr (80 gai/ha) and after 112 days for imazaquin (120 g.i.a./ha) application. After these periods, the corn plants showed somewhat early crop injury. In a bioassay test cucumber (Cucumis sativus) showed higher sensitivity compared to corn. The dry weight data showed no difference after 127 days for imazethapyr application and after 135 days for imazaquin application.
| Reference Key |
ulbrich1998plantaefeito
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|---|---|
| Authors | ;Adolfo V. Ulbrich;Benedito N. Rodrigues;João de Lima |
| Journal | anti-cancer agents in medicinal chemistry |
| Year | 1998 |
| DOI |
10.1590/S0100-83581998000200007
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| URL | |
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