filamentous fungi isolated from the rhizosphere of melon plants (cucumis melo l. cv. gold mine) cultivated in soil with organic amendments fungos filamentosos isolados da rizosfera de meloeiros (cucumis melo l. cv. gold mine) cultivados em solo com compostos orgânicos

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ID: 225418
2010
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Abstract
Rhizosphere soil samples were collected in a semiarid area, in the region of the São Francisco River valley, Petrolina, Pernambuco state, Brazil, to study the diversity of filamentous fungi in a soil cultivated with melon (Cucumis melo L. cv. Gold Mine) and receiving different organic amendments: Treatment 1 (control, without organic compost); T2 (77% coconut fiber, 20% goat manure and 3% K2SO4); T3 (10% Ricinus communis leaves and stems, 50% Pennisetum purpureum leaves and 40% goat manure); T4 (77% coconut fiber, 20% goat manure and 3% termophosphate); T5 (47% Pennisetum purpureum leaves, 50% goat manure and 3% K2SO4); and T6 (57% Pennisetum purpureum leaves, 40% goat manure and 3% termophosphate). Fungal isolation was carried out by the serial dilution technique to 1:1000. The Sorensen index of similarity, frequency and distribution of the fungi were evaluated. Seventy-eight species of filamentous fungi were isolated and identified, plus several Basidiomycota (04) and Mycelia sterilia (02). The predominant genera were Aspergillus and Penicillium, with 15 and 13 species, respectively. A greater number of species was found in the sowing period (49), and in relation to the organic fertilization, treatment 6 provided the greatest species diversity (43 species). Most of the species are saprobes and only a few are considered to be potential pathogens on melon plants, such as Fusarium oxysporum, F. solani and Myrothecium roridum.
Foram coletadas amostras de solo rizosférico em uma área semiárida, na região do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brasil, com o objetivo de conhecer a diversidade dos fungos filamentosos presentes em solo cultivado com melão (Cucumis melo cv. Gold Mine) e adubado com diferentes compostos orgânicos: Tratamento 1 (controle, sem adição de compostos orgânicos); T2 (77% de bagaço de côco, 20% de esterco de caprino e 3% de K2SO4); T3 (10% de torta de mamona, 50% de capim elefante e 40% de esterco de caprino); T4 (77% de bagaço de côco, 20% de esterco de caprino e 3% de termofosfato); T5 (47% de capim elefante, 50% de esterco de caprino e 3% K2SO4); e T6 (57% de capim elefante, 40% de esterco de caprino e 3% de termofosfato). O isolamento dos fungos foi realizado por meio da técnica de diluição em série até 1:1000. Foi aplicado o índice de similaridade de Sorensen, e avaliadas a freqüência e a distribuição dos fungos no solo. Setenta e oito espécies foram isoladas e identificadas, além de representantes de Basidiomycota (04) e Mycelia sterilia (02). Os gêneros predominantes foram Aspergillus e Penicillium, com 15 e 13 espécies, respectivamente. Maior número de espécies foi constatado no período de fundação (49), e em relação à adubação orgânica, o tratamento 6 apresentou a maior diversidade (43 espécies). A maioria das espécies encontradas é sapróbia e somente algumas são consideradas potenciais patógenos à cultura do meloeiro, como Fusarium oxysporum, F. solani e Myrothecium roridum.
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Authors Flavia Paiva Coutinho, Maria Auxiliadora de Queiroz Cavalcanti, Adriana Mayumi Yano-Melo
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Journal monatshefte für chemie chemical monthly
Year 2010
DOI
10.1590/S0102-33062010000100032
URL
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-33062010000100032
Keywords
semiarid

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