avaliação da resposta ao fotoperíodo em genótipos de arroz irrigado evaluation of the photoperiodic response in pad rice genotypes

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ID: 221633
2006
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Abstract
A temperatura e o fotoperíodo são os fatores ambientais principais que influenciam a duração do ciclo de desenvolvimento das plantas de arroz (Oryza sativa L.). A resposta fotoperiódica da maioria dos genótipos modernos de arroz usados no sul do Brasil ainda não foi quantificada. O objetivo do trabalho foi identificar a resposta ao fotoperíodo de algumas cultivares de arroz irrigado cultivadas nessa região. Um experimento de campo foi instalado em Santa Maria (RS), durante os anos agrícolas de 2003/2004 e 2004/2005 com cinco épocas de semeadura por ano. Em 2003/2004, as épocas de semeadura foram 1.º/9/2003, 20/10/2003, 21/11/2003, 5/1/2004 e 29/1/2004 e em 2004/2005, as épocas de semeadura foram 2/9/2004, 7/10/2004, 4/11/2004, 3/12/2004 e 2/3/2005. As cultivares utilizadas foram IRGA 421, IRGA 416, IRGA 417, IRGA 420, BR-IRGA 409, BRS 7 "Taim" e EPAGRI 109, todas do tipo moderno, com diferentes ciclos de desenvolvimento, de muito precoce (IRGA 421) a tardio (EPAGRI 109). O delineamento experimental foi um trifatorial (cultivar, data de semeadura e ano agrícola) inteiramente casualizado com quatro repetições. Cada repetição consistiu de um balde de 12 litros de capacidade com 10 plantas, cinco das quais foram marcadas com arames coloridos e avaliadas quanto ao número final de folhas no colmo principal (NFF). Calculou-se o fotoperíodo acumulado na fase em que o arroz é sensível ao fotoperíodo. Foi verificado um aumento linear do NFF com o fotoperíodo acumulado em todas as cultivares, o que indica uma resposta fotoperiódica típica de planta de dia curto nos genótipos de arroz. Houve diferença de sensibilidade ao fotoperíodo entre as cultivares.
Temperature and photoperiod are major environmental factors that affect the development of rice (Oryza sativa L.). The photoperiodic response of the majority of modern rice genotypes grown in Southern Brazil has not been quantified yet. The objective of this study was to investigate the photoperiodic response in some rice cultivars grown in Southern Brazil. A two-year field experiment during the 2003/2004 and 2004/2005 growing seasons was carried out with five sowing dates each year. The 2003/2004 sowing dates were (day/month/year) 9/1/2003, 10/20/2003, 11/21/2003, 1/5/2004, and 1/29/2004 and in 2004/2005 the sowing dates were 9/2/2004, 10/7/2004, 4/11/2004, 12/3/2004, and 3/2/2005. The cultivars studied were: IRGA 421, IRGA 416, IRGA 417, IRGA 420, BR-IRGA 409, BRS 7 "Taim" and EPAGRI 109, all modern type rice genotypes with different developmental cycle, varying from very early (IRGA 421) to late (EPAGRI 109). The experiment was a three-factorial (cultivar, sowing date, and growing season) in a completely randomized design with four replicates. Each replicate consisted of a 12L pot with 10 plants, five of them tagged with colored wires. The main stem final leaf number (FLN) was measured on the tagged plants. Daily photoperiod was calculated and accumulated during the inductive phase. A linear increase of FLN with accumulated photoperiod was observed in all cultivars, indicating a typical short-day response in the rice genotypes tested. Differences in the sensitivity to photoperiod among cultivars were observed.
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Authors Nereu Augusto Streck, Leosane Cristina Bosco, Simone Michelon, Hamilton Telles Rosa, Lidiane Cristine Walter, Gizelli Moiano de Paula, Cátia Camera, Isabel Lago, Elio Marcolin
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Journal revista espanola de salud publica
Year 2006
DOI
10.1590/S0006-87052006000400001
URL
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0006-87052006000400001
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