qualidade fisiolÓgica de sementes de brachiaria e avaliaÇÃo da produtividade de massa seca, em diferentes sistemas de integraÇÃo lavoura-pecuÁria sob irrigaÇÃo physiological quality of brachiaria seeds and dry mass yield estimate under different irrigated crop-livestock integration systems
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Abstract
<p style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 120%; text-decoration: none;" lang="pt-BR" align="JUSTIFY"><span style="color: #000000;"><span><span style="font-size: small;">A velocidade e a amplitude da expansão de pastagens tropicais, no Brasil, estão associadas à disponibilidade de sementes de qualidade. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar, neste estudo, a qualidade fisiológica de sementes de duas espécies de braquiária, submetendo-as a testes de germinação e viabilidade, e, ainda, estimar, para ambas as espécies, a produtividade de massa verde e seca,<em> </em>em diferentes sistemas de integração lavoura-pecuária (ILP), sob irrigação. Na avaliação a campo, o arranjo experimental foi o de blocos completos casualizados, em parcelas subdivididas, alocando quatro consórcios nas parcelas (<em>Brachiaria brizantha</em> cv. Marandu e <em>Brachiaria ruziziensis</em> estabelecidas, simultaneamente, ao milho e por ocasião da adubação nitrogenada de cobertura) e quatro épocas de corte da forragem, no inverno/primavera, nas subparcelas, com quatro repetições. Em laboratório, o delineamento foi inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições por tratamento/teste. Os testes de germinação e viabilidade indicaram que as sementes de <em>B. brizantha</em> apresentaram qualidade fisiológica superior às de <em>B. ruziziensis</em>, enquanto o teste de tetrazólio e as características das plântulas germinadas foram semelhantes. A <em>B. ruziziensis</em>, consorciada simultaneamente ao milho, foi o consórcio que se mostrou menos viável, em função da menor produtividade de massa verde, massa seca e deposição de resíduos vegetais na superfície do solo. No geral, a formação de pastagem para a entressafra, por intermédio do consórcio com o milho, se mostrou excelente alternativa na integração lavoura-pecuária, sob irrigação, em sistema plantio direto.</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 120%; text-decoration: none;" lang="pt-BR" align="JUSTIFY"><span style="color: #000000;"><span><span style="font-size: small;">PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Deterioração controlada; envelhecimento acelerado; germinação; tetrazólio; vigor.</span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 120%; text-decoration: none;" lang="pt-BR" align="JUSTIFY"><span style="color: #000000;"><span><span style="font-size: small;">The speed and magnitude of tropical pastures expansion in Brazil are related to the availability of quality seeds. This research aimed to evaluate the physiological quality of seeds of two <em>Brachiaria</em> species submitted to germination and viability tests and also estimate, for both species, the fresh and dry mass yield, under different irrigated crop-livestock integration systems. For field analysis, the experimental design was a randomized complete block, in subplots, with four intercrops in the plot (<em>Brachiaria brizantha</em> cv. Marandu and <em>Brachiaria ruziziensis</em> simultaneously established with corn and nitrogen fertilization coverage), and four forage cutting times, in the winter/spring season, in subplots, with four replications. In the laboratory, the experimental design was completely randomized, with four replications per treatment/test. The germination and viability tests indicated that <em>B. brizantha </em>seeds showed higher physiological quality, when compared with <em>B. ruziziensis</em>, while the tetrazolium test and germinated seedlings characteristics were similar. The <em>B. ruziziensis</em>, simultaneously intercropped with corn, was the less viable intercrop, due to the lower fresh and dry mass yield and litter deposition on the soil surface. In general, the pasture formation for the second season cultivation, intercropped with corn, was an excellent alternative for crop-livestock integration under a no-tillage system.</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 120%; text-decoration: none;" lang="pt-BR" align="JUSTIFY"><span style="color: #000000;"><span><span style="font-size: small;">KEY-WORDS: Controlled deterioration; accelerated aging; germination; tetrazolium; vigor.</span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 120%; text-decoration: none;" lang="pt-BR" align="JUSTIFY"><span style="color: #000000;"><span><span style="font-size: small;">The speed and magnitude of tropical pastures expansion in Brazil are related to the availability of quality seeds. This research aimed to evaluate the physiological quality of seeds of two <em>Brachiaria</em> species submitted to germination and viability tests and also estimate, for both species, the fresh and dry mass yield, under different irrigated crop-livestock integration systems. For field analysis, the experimental design was a randomized complete block, in subplots, with four intercrops in the plot (<em>Brachiaria brizantha</em> cv. Marandu and <em>Brachiaria ruziziensis</em> simultaneously established with corn and nitrogen fertilization coverage), and four forage cutting times, in the winter/spring season, in subplots, with four replications. In the laboratory, the experimental design was completely randomized, with four replications per treatment/test. The germination and viability tests indicated that <em>B. brizantha </em>seeds showed higher physiological quality, when compared with <em>B. ruziziensis</em>, while the tetrazolium test and germinated seedlings characteristics were similar. The <em>B. ruziziensis</em>, simultaneously intercropped with corn, was the less viable intercrop, due to the lower fresh and dry mass yield and litter deposition on the soil surface. In general, the pasture formation for the second season cultivation, intercropped with corn, was an excellent alternative for crop-livestock integration under a no-tillage system.</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 120%; text-decoration: none;" lang="pt-BR" align="JUSTIFY"><span style="color: #000000;"><span><span style="font-size: small;">KEY-WORDS: Controlled deterioration; accelerated aging; germination; tetrazolium; vigor.</span></span></span></p>
| Reference Key |
chioderoli2010pesquisaqualidade
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| Authors | ;Carlos Alessandro Chioderoli;Marcelo Andreotti;Marco Eustáquio de Sá;Roberta Leopoldo Ferreira;Cristiano Magalhães Pariz;Ana Paula Ribeiro |
| Journal | chemical engineering and technology |
| Year | 2010 |
| DOI |
10.5216/pat.v40i3.6590
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| URL | |
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