biogenic halocarbons from the peruvian upwelling region as tropospheric halogen source
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2016
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Abstract
Halocarbons are produced naturally in the oceans by biological and
chemical processes. They are emitted from surface seawater into the
atmosphere, where they take part in numerous chemical processes such as ozone
destruction and the oxidation of mercury and dimethyl sulfide. Here we
present oceanic and atmospheric halocarbon data for the Peruvian upwelling
zone obtained during the M91 cruise onboard the research vessel
METEOR in December 2012. Surface waters during the cruise were
characterized by moderate concentrations of bromoform (CHBr3) and
dibromomethane (CH2Br2) correlating with diatom biomass derived
from marker pigment concentrations, which suggests this phytoplankton group
is a likely source. Concentrations measured for the iodinated compounds methyl
iodide (CH3I) of up to 35.4 pmol L−1, chloroiodomethane
(CH2ClI) of up to 58.1 pmol L−1 and diiodomethane (CH2I2)
of up to 32.4 pmol L−1 in water samples were much higher than previously
reported for the tropical Atlantic upwelling systems. Iodocarbons also
correlated with the diatom biomass and even more significantly with dissolved
organic matter (DOM) components measured in the surface water. Our results
suggest a biological source of these compounds as a significant driving factor
for the observed large iodocarbon concentrations. Elevated atmospheric mixing
ratios of CH3I (up to 3.2 ppt), CH2ClI (up to 2.5 ppt) and
CH2I2 (3.3 ppt) above the upwelling were correlated with seawater
concentrations and high sea-to-air fluxes. During the first part of the
cruise, the enhanced iodocarbon production in the Peruvian upwelling
contributed significantly to tropospheric iodine levels, while this
contribution was considerably smaller during the second part.
| Reference Key |
hepach2016atmosphericbiogenic
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|---|---|
| Authors | ;H. Hepach;H. Hepach;B. Quack;S. Tegtmeier;A. Engel;A. Bracher;A. Bracher;S. Fuhlbrügge;L. Galgani;L. Galgani;E. L. Atlas;J. Lampel;U. Frieß;K. Krüger |
| Journal | Journal of agricultural and food chemistry |
| Year | 2016 |
| DOI |
10.5194/acp-16-12219-2016
|
| URL | |
| Keywords |
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