produção antecipada de mudas de videira ‘rubi’ (vitis vinifera) através de enxertia verde anticipation of ‘rubi’ grapevine nursery trees production through green grafting technique

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ID: 213208
2004
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Abstract
O presente trabalho teve por objetivo estudar a viabilidade da produção de mudas de videira ‘Rubi’ (Vitis vinifera) através de enxertia verde nos porta-enxertos ‘Campinas’ (IAC 766) e ‘Jales’ (IAC 572) propagados por estaquia herbácea. O preparo das estacas livre de vírus dos porta-enxertos consistiu em deixar apenas uma folha na parte superior da estaca e um nó na base, ficando as mesmas com 20cm de comprimento e 0,5cm de diâmetro. Para o enraizamento, as estacas foram então dispostas em caixas plásticas perfuradas contendo o substrato casca de arroz carbonizada em câmara de nebulização. Após quatro semanas, os porta-enxertos foram transplantados para sacos de polietileno com substrato a base de terra e mantidos em casa de vegetação. Avaliou-se a enxertia da videira ‘Rubi’ livre de vírus realizada em três épocas após o transplantio dos porta-enxertos (30, 60 e 90 dias). O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado com 6 tratamentos e 5 repetições, sendo cada parcela composta por 10 mudas, em esquema fatorial 2 x 3. Aos 80 dias após cada época de enxertia, foram avaliados os seguintes parâmetros: porcentagem de enxertos brotados, comprimento e diâmetro dos brotos, matérias seca e fresca das raízes por muda e quantificação do sistema radicular (área de raízes e comprimento total de raízes por estaca) através da análise de imagem no programa SIARCS®. Com base nos principais resultados, pôde-se concluir que: a) a obtenção antecipada de mudas de videira ‘Rubi’ é possível realizando-se a enxertia verde em estacas herbáceas dos porta-enxertos ‘Campinas’ e ‘Jales’ 90 dias após o seu enraizamento e b) o emprego da enxertia verde sobre a produção antecipada de mudas de videira ‘Rubi’ reduz em 5-6 meses o tempo necessário para a produção de mudas em casa de vegetação e c) mudas de videira ‘Rubi’ produzidas por enxertia verde em estacas herbáceas dos porta-enxertos ‘Campinas’ e ‘Jales’ não apresentam diferenças quanto às características dos enxertos brotados e do seu sistema radicular.
The objetive of this research was to evaluate the feasibility to produce nursery trees of ‘Rubi’ grapevine through green grafting on herbaceous cutting of two vine rootstocks (‘Campinas’ - IAC 766 and ‘Jales’ - IAC 572). Rootstocks cuttings were taken from a virus-free stock plant, and consisted of the leaves elimination of the basal portion, leaving just one leaf in the superior part of each one. Cuttings were prepared with a cut below the node in the basal portion and a cut in the internode in the superior portion, leaving each one with 20cm of length and 0.5cm of diameter. Cuttings were then placed in plastic boxes containing hull rice coal growth medium on mist chamber. After four weeks, the rooted rootstocks were transferred into plastic bags containing soil mix. The ‘Rubi’ green grafting was performed in three different periods after the rootstocks transplantation (30, 60 and 90 days). A randomized design was used as statistical model with 6 treatments and 5 replications. Each plot was composed by 10 trees. The treatments were compared 80 days after each grafting period through the following parameters: porcentage of shooting grafts, length and diameter of shooting grafts, fresh and dry weigth of roots and root quantification (root area and total root length) through image analysis using SIARCS® software. It was possible to conclude that: a) the production advance of ‘Rubi’ young trees is possible performing the green grafting on ‘Campinas’ and ‘Jales’ rootstocks 90 days after their rooting, b) the green grafting technique reduces the time necessary to produce ‘Rubi’ young trees by 5-6 months on greenhouse condition and c) nursery trees of ‘Rubi’ grapevine produced through green grafting on herbaceous cuttings of ‘Campinas’ and ‘Jales’ rootstocks do not show differences in relation to the shooting grafts and the root system characteristics.
Reference Key
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Authors ;Sérgio Ruffo Roberto;Fernando Mendes Pereira;Carmen Silvia Vieira Janeiro Neves;Bruno da Silva Jubileu;Mateus Carvalho Basílio de Azevedo
Journal Trials
Year 2004
DOI
10.1590/S0103-84782004000400014
URL
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782004000400014
Keywords
propagation rootingagricultureagriculture (general)

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