reasons of differences in grammatical opinions among the ancients

Reasons of differences in Grammatical Opinions among the Ancients         Ryadh Alsawad *   Marzieh Ghorbankhani **     Abstract     The most important characteristic of the rules of Arabic language is their extent and diversity, so that they are difficult for learners to manage and learn. There are Different reasons that play role in formation of this diversity. Some reasons are due to the language itself, because it is a language of derivation it has the ability to expand and borrow words from other languages and interpret them based on the capabilities of its own native speakers. Another reason is because of the grammarians themselves who have undergone forgetting, errors, delusion or change in opinion. And some of these are general and come from cultural difference or incorrect punctuation and interpolating occurred in many of the views of grammarians, or because of tune and the music of the words. It may be caused by jurisprudential doctrinal differences raised among people. The research with a descriptive and analytical approach is an attempt to collect reasons for this multiplicity. one of the main results obtained by the study is that the language and its rules over the centuries have been influenced by the cultural, social and religious circumstances of life, and are subjected to the culture of grammarians and their sectarian affiliation, and we believe that this vulnerability is a double-edged sword whenever it leads to the enrichment of the language and its expansion, it leads to ambiguity and learning difficulty to learners .     Keywords : Syntax, Grammarian, Grammatical opinion, Grammatical dispute, Reasons of difference  * Assistant Professor, education faculty university of Dhi Qar, E-mail: ryalsawad@yahoo.com.  ** PhD student in Arabic Language and Literature, University of Isfahan, E-mail: marziehghorbankhani@yahoo.com.