barium extraction potential by mustard, sunflower and castor bean potencial de extração de bário por mostarda, girassol e mamona

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ID: 209462
2009
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Abstract
Barium salts are used extensively for industrial purposes, generating residues that, if not appropriately disposed, can increase soil Ba content. The aim of the present work was to evaluate Ba extraction potential of mustard (Brassica juncea Czern.), sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), and castor bean (Ricinus communis L.), grown in a soil artificially contaminated with increasing Ba additions. A greenhouse experiment was carried out by adding BaSO4 to a Rhodic Hapludox sample, at the 0, 150 and 300 mg kg-1 rates. After harvesting, the pot soil material was also analyzed for exchangeable Ba by CaCl2 extraction and by an ion exchange resin method. None of the plant species tested presented toxicity symptoms, decreased nutrient accumulation or decreased dry matter production in response to Ba treatments. The accumulation of Ba, in decreasing capacity was: sunflower> mustard> castor bean. The largest accumulation was with sunflower at 300 mg kg-1 of Ba added to the soil. When evaluated by the transference factor, none of the species tested was an efficient Ba accumulator, up to 47 days after emergence. The ion exchange resin method was not adequate to evaluate Ba availability to these plants.
Sais de bário (Ba) são freqüentemente utilizados em diversas atividades industriais gerando resíduos que, se não dispostos adequadamente, podem elevar os teores desse metal no solo. Neste estudo, avaliou-se o potencial de extração de bário das espécies mostarda (Brassica juncea Czern.), girassol (Helianthus annuus L.) e mamona (Ricinus communis L.) com a finalidade de serem empregadas na fitorremediação de solos contaminados com esse elemento. Após o corte da parte aérea, o solo foi amostrado para determinação do Ba solúvel em CaCl2 e Ba trocável pelo método da resina trocadora de íons. Todas as espécies testadas não apresentaram sintomas de toxidez de Ba ou diminuição na produção da massa seca da parte aérea. Também não foram observadas alterações significativas na absorção de nutrientes pelas três espécies. Com relação à capacidade de extração de Ba do solo, as espécies se comportaram na seguinte ordem decrescente de acúmulo desse elemento na parte aérea: girassol > mostarda > mamona. Nenhuma das três espécies mostrou-se eficiente em extrair Ba do solo, até aos 47 dias após a germinação. O método da resina trocadora de íons não foi eficiente em indicar as quantidades fitodisponíveis de Ba presentes no solo.
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coscione2009scientiabarium Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors ;Aline Renée Coscione;Ronaldo Severiano Berton
Journal journal of the iranian chemical society
Year 2009
DOI
10.1590/S0103-90162009000100008
URL
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162009000100008
Keywords
toxicity phytoextraction exchangeable baagriculture (general)

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