assessing lateral flows and solute transport during floods in a conduit-flow-dominated karst system using the inverse problem for the advection–diffusion equation
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2017
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Abstract
The aim of this study is to present a framework that provides new ways to characterize the spatio-temporal
variability of lateral exchanges for water flow and solute transport in a
karst conduit network during flood events, treating both the diffusive wave
equation and the advection–diffusion equation with the same mathematical
approach, assuming uniform lateral flow and solute transport. A solution
to the inverse problem for the advection–diffusion equations is then applied
to data from two successive gauging stations to simulate flows and solute
exchange dynamics after recharge. The study site is the karst conduit network
of the Fourbanne aquifer in the French Jura Mountains, which includes two
reaches characterizing the network from sinkhole to cave stream to the
spring. The model is applied, after separation of the base from the flood
components, on discharge and total dissolved solids (TDSs) in order to assess
lateral flows and solute concentrations and compare them to help identify
water origin. The results showed various lateral contributions in space –
between the two reaches located in the unsaturated zone (R1), and in the zone that is both
unsaturated and saturated (R2) – as well as in time, according to
hydrological conditions. Globally, the two reaches show a distinct response
to flood routing, with important lateral inflows on R1 and large outflows on
R2. By combining these results with solute exchanges and the analysis of
flood routing parameters distribution, we showed that lateral inflows on R1
are the addition of diffuse infiltration (observed whatever the hydrological
conditions) and localized infiltration in the secondary conduit network
(tributaries) in the unsaturated zone, except in extreme dry periods. On R2,
despite inflows on the base component, lateral outflows are observed during
floods. This pattern was attributed to the concept of reversal flows of
conduit–matrix exchanges, inducing a complex water mixing effect in the
saturated zone. From our results we build the functional scheme of the karst
system. It demonstrates the impact of the saturated zone on matrix–conduit
exchanges in this shallow phreatic aquifer and highlights the important role
of the unsaturated zone on storage and transfer functions of the
system.
| Reference Key |
cholet2017hydrologyassessing
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|---|---|
| Authors | ;C. Cholet;C. Cholet;J.-B. Charlier;R. Moussa;M. Steinmann;S. Denimal |
| Journal | materials research bulletin |
| Year | 2017 |
| DOI |
10.5194/hess-21-3635-2017
|
| URL | |
| Keywords |
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