the liver-inherent immune system: its role against blood-stage malaria

Clicks: 319
ID: 201465
2014
Free PDF
Article Quality & Performance Metrics
Overall Quality
Not rated
Combines reader engagement with the AI quality analysis. This article has not been analysed, so there is no overall score — reader engagement is measured and shown alongside.
AI Quality Assessment
Not analyzed
Readership in this journal
Popular

Ranked #274 of 875 articles by views in journal of magnetic resonance (san diego, calif : 1997)

Most read Least read

Bar heights use a square-root scale. Only the 120 most-read articles are drawn; the journal has 875 in total.

Mint this article as an NFT
Not yet minted

Create a permanent, verifiable on-chain record of this article on the Scimatic Network. The NFT is held in your Journament account, and you can withdraw it to your own wallet at any time.

5 SUSD one-off · no wallet required
Sign in to mint
Abstract
The liver is well known as that organ which is obligately required for the intra-hepatocyte development of the pre-erythrocytic stages of the malaria-causative agent Plasmodium. However, largely neglected is the fact that the liver is also a central player of the host defense against the morbidity- and mortality-causing blood stages of the malaria parasites. Indeed, the liver is equipped with an unique immune system that acts locally, however with systemic impact. Its main ‚antipodal’ functions are to recognize and to generate effective immunoreactivity against pathogens on the one hand, and to generate tolerance to avoid immunoreactivity with ‚self’ and harmless substances as dietary compounds on the other hand. This review provides an introductory survey of the liver-inherent immune system: its pathogen recognition receptors including Toll-like receptors and its major cell constituents with their different facilities to fight and eliminate pathogens. Then, evidence is presented that the liver is also an essential organ to overcome blood-stage malaria. Finally, we discuss effector responses of the liver-inherent immune system directed against blood-stage malaria: activation of Toll-like receptors, acute phase response, phagocytic activity, cytokine-mediated pro- and anti-inflammatory responses, generation of ‚protective’ autoimmunity by extrathymic T cells and B-1 cells, and T cell-mediated repair of liver injuries mainly produced by malaria-induced overreactions of the liver-inherent immune system.
Reference Key
ewunderlich2014frontiersthe Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors ;Frank eWunderlich;Saleh eAl-Quraishy;Mohamed eDkhil
Journal journal of magnetic resonance (san diego, calif : 1997)
Year 2014
DOI
10.3389/fmicb.2014.00559
URL
http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmicb.2014.00559/full
Keywords
innate immunity tolerance plasmodium liver erythrocytes

Citations

No citations found. To add a citation, contact the admin at info@scimatic.org

Comments

No comments yet. Be the first to comment on this article.