psychological model of the system "special child – living environment" as a basis for support of children with disabilities
النموذج النفسي لمنظومة "الطفل ذو الاحتياجات الخاصة – البيئة المعيشية" كأساس لدعم الأطفال ذوي الإعاقة
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Abstract
This work is aimed to determine the content characteristic of interaction of a child with disabilities and his living environment, psychological analysis of the options for the child development in different types of this interaction. It is based on the principles of system analysis. Child development is presented as a process and the result of interaction between the system components "child with disabilities – living environment". Interaction is considered in terms of compliance, non-compliance of system components.
The article identifies the types of system interactions "special child – living environment" (adaptive, developing, maladaptive, deforming) and gives their content characteristics. Integrative potential is considered as a condition, the result and complete description of the system "special child – living environment". It includes the personal potential possibilities of a child with disabilities and the resources of living environment according to the child’s needs. The presented model is applicable to the analysis of family or education environment of disabled child to create and carry out the individual program of child development and creation of optimal conditions for the socialization and integration.
يهدف هذا العمل إلى تحديد الخصائص المضمونية للتفاعل القائم بين الطفل ذي الإعاقة وبيئته المعيشية، وإجراء تحليل نفسي لمسارات نمو الطفل في ظل أنماط متباينة من هذا التفاعل. ويستند البحث إلى مبادئ تحليل النظم؛ حيث يُعرض نمو الطفل بوصفه عمليةً ونتاجًا للتفاعل بين مكونات منظومة "الطفل ذو الإعاقة – البيئة المعيشية". ويُنظر إلى هذا التفاعل من حيث مدى توافق مكونات المنظومة أو عدم توافقها.
تحدد المقالة أنماط التفاعل النظمي لمنظومة "الطفل الاستثنائي – البيئة المعيشية" (تَكَيُّفي، ونمائي، وسوء تكيّفي، وتشويهي)، وتستعرض خصائصها المضمونية. وتُعد الإمكانات التكاملية شرطًا ونتيجةً وتوصيفًا شاملًا لمنظومة "الطفل الاستثنائي – البيئة المعيشية"؛ إذ تتضمن الإمكانات الذاتية الكامنة للطفل ذي الإعاقة وموارد البيئة المعيشية وفقًا لاحتياجاته. ويُعد النموذج المُقدَّم قابلًا للتطبيق في تحليل البيئة الأسرية أو التعليمية للطفل ذي الإعاقة، بغرض إعداد وتطبيق البرنامج الفردي لنمو الطفل، وتهيئة الظروف المثلى لعمليتي التنشئة الاجتماعية والدمج.
| Reference Key |
2013sovremennyepsychological
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|---|---|
| Authors | ;Светлана Анатольевна Калашникова |
| Journal | Journal of environmental radioactivity |
| Year | 2013 |
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