palm-usm v1.0: a new urban surface model integrated into the palm large-eddy simulation model
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2017
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Abstract
Urban areas are an important part of the climate system and many
aspects of urban climate have direct effects on human health and
living conditions. This implies that reliable tools for local urban
climate studies supporting sustainable urban planning are
needed. However, a realistic implementation of urban canopy
processes still poses a serious challenge for weather and climate
modelling for the current generation of numerical models. To address
this demand, a new urban surface model (USM), describing the surface
energy processes for urban environments, was developed and
integrated as a module into the PALM large-eddy simulation
model. The development of the
presented first version of the USM
originated from modelling the urban heat island during summer heat
wave episodes and thus implements primarily processes important in
such conditions. The USM contains a multi-reflection radiation model
for shortwave and longwave radiation with an integrated model of
absorption of radiation by resolved plant canopy (i.e. trees,
shrubs). Furthermore, it consists of an energy balance solver for
horizontal and vertical impervious surfaces, and thermal diffusion in
ground, wall, and roof materials, and it includes a simple model for
the consideration of anthropogenic heat sources. The USM was
parallelized using the standard Message Passing Interface and
performance testing demonstrates that the computational costs of the
USM are reasonable on typical clusters for the tested
configurations. The module was fully integrated into PALM and is
available via its online repository under the GNU General Public License
(GPL). The USM was tested on a summer heat-wave episode for
a selected Prague crossroads. The general representation of the
urban boundary layer and patterns of surface temperatures of various
surface types (walls, pavement) are in good agreement with in
situ
observations made in Prague. Additional simulations were performed
in order to assess the sensitivity of the results to uncertainties
in the material parameters, the domain size, and the general effect
of the USM itself. The first version of the USM is limited to the
processes most relevant to the study of summer heat waves and serves as
a basis for ongoing development which will address additional
processes of the urban environment and lead to improvements to
extend the utilization of the USM to other environments and conditions.
| Reference Key |
resler2017geoscientificpalm-usm
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|---|---|
| Authors | ;J. Resler;J. Resler;P. Krč;P. Krč;M. Belda;M. Belda;M. Belda;P. Juruš;P. Juruš;N. Benešová;N. Benešová;J. Lopata;J. Lopata;O. Vlček;O. Vlček;D. Damašková;D. Damašková;K. Eben;K. Eben;P. Derbek;B. Maronga;F. Kanani-Sühring |
| Journal | international journal of quantum chemistry |
| Year | 2017 |
| DOI |
10.5194/gmd-10-3635-2017
|
| URL | |
| Keywords |
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